Ordinary folk, unless they were criminals, left few traces in historical records. It is therefore difficult to find out much about Joseph and Elizabeth Dyson who were the great grandparents of Mary Ann Whatmore, my grandmother.  Joseph and Elizabeth were my own great x 3 grandparents.

I would like to thank very much Alice Kern, President, Beaver County Genealogy and History Centre for her great kindness in researching on my behalf the Dyson family at Beaver Falls and for sending me so much interesting information.

The first definite record of  Joseph and Elizabeth is in 1810 when they buried their son William Dyson on 11 May at Eckington, just south of Sheffield. The parish register does not give William’s age, but he was clearly a minor, otherwise his parents’ names would not have been recorded.  

Our next glimpse of them is on 27  November 1814 when their son, George Dyson, who became a Saw Handle Maker, was baptised at Eckington church. Joseph and his wife were living at Mosborough where Joseph was a scythe maker. We can sure that this is George the Saw Handle Maker as he stated in the censuses that he was born at Eckington and his recorded ages point back to 1814.

Looking for the baptism of Joseph Dyson himself, the obvious one is the Joseph baptised on 27 December 1777 at Staveley, the next parish to Eckington. The Dysons at Staveley can be traced in a direct line back to 1664. Whilst it is possible that Joseph was from elsewhere it seems reasonable to claim that his family was the one at Staveley. 

We next find Joseph and Elizabeth in a Removal Order (RM7/671) of  1817 issued by Eckington parish requiring the removal to Dronfield of ‘Joseph Dyson, Elizabeth wife, George and infant of 5 days’. This is most certainly our Joseph and Elizabeth. It implies that by this date the family were dependant on parish relief and that Joseph had no right of settlement in Eckington’. Eckington parish was thus sending the family to Dronfield where presumably Joseph had such a right. We must assume that Joseph’s parents had moved to Dronfield when he was young and that he had been brought up there. The family had no direct link with Dronfield as the only mention of Dysons in the parish register prior to 1817 is the baptism of a Susanne Dison, daughter of a John Dison, on 6 March 1643. 

There is no record in the Eckington or Dronfield parish records of the baptism of the 5 day infant in 1817. However a James Dyson, son of a Joseph and Elizabeth, was born on 10 November  1819  at Norton, the next parish to Dronfield, and  their son Henry was born there on 10 November 1822.Both children were baptised at Norton on 17 November 1822. The family had obviously moved on from Dronfield to Norton.

 norton-church.jpg Norton Church   Photo Copyright: Alan Heardman  Source: Geograph website and reproduced here in accordance with the terms of the site licence which can be viewed at this link:  http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ 

Joseph and Elizabeth and their family were still at Norton when their son Henry  was buried there on 6 January 1828. That was a grim year for the family as an Elizabeth Dyson (almost certainly Joseph’s wife) was buried at Norton on 4 November, aged 46. Elizabeth will have been born about 1782. 

We have  no further definite information about Joseph Dyson. He is not to be found at Norton in the 1841 census, but there is a Joseph of about the right age, living at living at Sheffield Park. I doubt if this is the right person, however, as he is shown as born in Yorkshire and employed as a cutler, rather than as a scythe maker. 

Turning now to Joseph and Elizabeth’s surviving children, George was was apprenticed at Sheffield for seven years as a Saw Handle Maker in 1833 and although he is referred to as ‘a minor’ in his indentures, he would have been 19 at this time – a strange age to become an apprentice. What had he been doing previously?  Did something significant happen in 1833? We shall probably never know the answers to these questions. George married Mary Ann Whittaker in Sheffield  in 1837 when his apprenticeship still had three years to run!  By the 1850s, George and Mary were living in a ‘fine house’ in Wright’s Hill, London Road, Sheffield and went to church in a carriage. Then in 1860 disaster struck. George and Mary died within a few months of each other, the fine house and its contents were lost to the family and one of their children was placed in an orphanage. (See the earlier post on ‘The Lost Inheritance’.) 

Joseph and Elizabeth’s other surviving child James is probably the James Dyson aged 22 in the 1841 census and living at Pen Croft, a turning off West Bar in Sheffield. He is shown as a Cutler. He married Jane Whiteley on 11 March 1844 at Dronfield. The marriage register states that James’ father was a Joseph. 

In 1851, James and Jane Dyson were living at Foughtwood, Crookes, Sheffield. They had with them their only known child  - Charles Dyson born in 1846 at Crookes. James is described as a Spring Knife Cutler and is shown as born at Greenhill, which is in the parish of Norton where he was baptised.

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  Crookes in 1820   Copyright: Chris Hobbs and reproduced here by his kind permission

The painting  of Crookes in 1820 is from the website of Chris Hobbs which contains a wealth if information on Sheffield. To view the site follow this link: http://www.chrishobbs.com/index.htm 

James and Jane Dyson cannot be traced in the 1861 census and it is probable that our James is the James aged 34, who was buried at St Thomas’s Crookes on 18 June 1854 and that his wife is the Jane aged 44 who was buried at St Thomas’s, Crookes on 6 March 1861 Their son Charles Dyson in 1861 was a boarder with Thomas and Harriet Dale at Crookes, Sheffield. Harriet Dale was almost certainly Charles’ aunt as her maiden name was Whiteley and she had been born at Crookes like Charles’ mother Jane. In 1871, Charles Dyson, aged  24, a File Cutler, was with John and Harriet Whiteley at Crookes and although Charles is described as cousin, John Whiteley would have been his uncle. Samuel Dale, son of Thomas and Harriet, was also staying with the Whiteley family – also shown as ‘cousin’.

 This is the last definite sighting of Charles Dyson, son of  James and Jane. I was misled for quite some time by the Charles Dyson who appears in the 1881 and 1891 censuses at Rhuddlan in North Wales. He was about the right age for our Charles and  stated he was born in Sheffield. He was a Mechanic and a Stove Grate Fitter. I eventually discovered that he had  married a Lydia Ward in Sheffield in 1863 and that they were already at Rhuddlan in 1871 when our Charles was still in Sheffield. The 1861 census revealed that the Charles who went to Rhuddlan was in fact born at Bradfield near Sheffield.  

An unmarried man, both of whose parents were deceased and who had no living siblings might be tempted to try life in a new country and we find in the records that a Charles Dyson of the right age arrived on 16 February 1873 at Boston, Massachusetts on board the ‘Marathon’ which had left from Liverpool.  This Charles Dyson is described as a mechanic. His descendants in Pennsylvania have confirmed that this is our Charles. Charles married a Hannah M Hill who was born about 1851 in New York State and they settled at Beaver Falls in the state of Pennsylvannia.  

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Postcard  reproduced , with permission, from http://www.jeep2girl.com/postcards.html

Why did they choose Beaver Falls? The answer makes it certain that  the Charles who settled there belongs to our family. A very large factory  - the ‘Beaver Falls Cutlery Company’ was established at Beaver Falls in 1867 at  the inducement of the Harmony Society. This was a Christian theosophy and pietist group founded in Germany in 1785 and which moved to the USA in 1803. In Beaver Falls they established the community of ‘Economy’ (now ‘Ambridge’) and it was at Ambridge that our Dysons lived. Furthermore – the first workers at the factory were recruited from Sheffield. Later on, when a strike threatened, Chinese workers from California and women were introduced, The works occupied a complete block between Second and Third Streets on Seventh Avenue. The business closed down in 1886 as it was no longer profitable. This information is taken from ‘Beaver Falls’ by Kenneth Britten and the Beaver Falls Historical Society’ published in 2000 by Acadia Publishing. Sections of the book and a picture of Cutlery Factory can be viewed at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MUbcmRiteLcC&pg=PA14&lpg=PA14&dq=’sheffield+beaver+falls’&source=bl&ots=7FllPRTHvH&sig=A04915Wmlbg5tOPD44UYG5wjCJA&hl=en&ei=HMPUStzaItfajQfr8LX8Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBwQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=’sheffield%20beaver%20falls’&f=false 

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Ambridge in the 1950s  reproduced, with permission, from the Daily Kos Blog

More information about the community at ‘Economy / Ambridge’ can be viewed at:   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Economy_Village 

A book published in 1924 which describes Ambridge and has lots of pictures can be viewed and downloaded at this link: http://www.archive.org/details/economyofoldambr00wagn

In the 1880 census, Charles, aged 31, was working as a File Forger at Beaver Falls. Hannah is showed as aged 29. With Charles and Hannah were three children – James Ernest Dyson, born 27 November 1875 in Pennsylvannia, Charles Henry Dyson, born 10 July 1877 in Pennsylvannia and Fred Richard Dyson, born 24 March 1879 in Pennsylvannia. Also with the family was a Florence Hill aged 19, born Massachusetts. She was probably Hannah’s sister. 

Charles Dyson died from typhoid fever on 14 April 1890 at Beaver Falls. He had worked for the ‘Shovel Works’ for several years  and the factory closed on the day of his funeral to allow employers to attend. His wife Hannah remarried on 13 October 1898 to a William G Alego. Hannah died in August 1926  at Beaver Falls.

James Ernest  Dyson, born 27 November 1875 at Beaver Falls,  married  Elizabeth Dale born in Pennsylvania on 16 Feb 1878. Both her parents were from England. In 1900, James and Elizabeth were at 3rd Avenue, Beaver Falls. James is described as a Plumber.  James for in business for 33 years and was a member of the Master Plumbers Association of Beaver Falls. Elizabeth died of typhoid fever on 5  May 1907 at Beaver Falls. In 1908 James Dyson remarried to an Alice Dale, the sister of Elizabeth. James Dyson died at Beaver Falls in December 1939. James and Elizabeth had one son and two daughters. James and Alice had one son.

Charles Henry  Dyson born 1877, married Grace E M McHenry, born 1880 in West Virginia. In 1900 Charles is shown as stepson to William and Martha Alego and living at 12th Street, Beaver Falls. Charles was working as a Plumber. In 1910 Charles and Grace were at Maplewood Avenue, Beaver Falls with their daughter Lois Anne Dyson born 1905 in Pennsylvania. By this date Charles had his own Plumber’s shop. In 1920 Charles was at Merchant Street, Ambridge with his brother Fred.  Grace, his wife, was not with his. For some reasons she was at 8th Avenue, Yuma, Arizona with Lois her daughter. In 1930, both Charles and Grace were at Park Road, Ambridge, Beaver Falls. Charles was still working as a Plumber. 

Fred Richard Dyson, born  24 March 1879 married Sadie E Bowers born 1884. She died in 1906. He remarried to a Stella Beckham born 1883 in Kentucky. Fred and Stella had two daughters. Fred was a Plumber like his brothers and he served as Building Inspector for the Borough of Ambridge.  In 1920 he was with his brother Charles. In 1930 Fred and Stella were living at Merchant Street, Ambridge.  Stella died in 1956 and Fred died in March 1966 in Ambridge, Beaver Falls. 

Descendants of this Dyson family are still thriving in Beaver Falls and the surrounding area. Long may they prosper!

For the son of a gamekeeper to become a doctor in the early nineteenth century was most unusual and this makes Isaac Watmough, who was a doctor at Pockington, of great interest.

In writing this post I have made a great deal of use of the information placed on the ancestry website by Alvina Greg. I am most grateful to Alvina for all his/her work and for his/her generosity in sharing it with others.

 The credit for encouraging Isaac, and for funding his career must surely go to Isaac’s father’s employer – Sir John Ramsden of Byram Park, near Brotherton, Yorkshire. Byram Park, now demolished, must have been magnificent in its heyday. Had it survived it would now be overshadowed by the massive towers of the Ferrybridge Power Station. Isaac’s brother Thomas also trained to be a doctor, but sadly he died in 1842 aged only about 23.

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 Byram Park      Copyright: Matthew Beckettt  and reproduced here by his kind permission

 The picture above of Byram Park is from Matthew Beckett’s wonderful website of lost country houses. To view the site, please follow this link: http://lh.matthewbeckett.com/lh_complete_list.html 

 Isaac’s father was John Watmuff or Watmough who was baptised on 21 April 1782 at Otley in Yorkshire. He married Mary Atkinson in 1808 at Brotherton in Yorkshire. John Watmuff’s father was Jeremiah Watmuff born in 1744 at Otley  who married Grace Wood. Jeremiah’s father was another Jeremiah born in 1704 at Otley. It seems likely that Jeremiah Senior’s father was the William Watmuff who was born about 1673 at Wigan and who married Grace Fenton at Leeds in 1698. 

Less than a year after the marriage of John Watmuff and Mary Atkinson they went to live at Inverary in Argyllshire, Scotland. Such a move can surely only be explained by John’s employer Sir John Ramsden asking John Watuff to go and work for him in Scotland where there must have been estates belonging to the Ramsden family. All the known children of John and Mary Watmuff were baptised at Inverary. There were Isaac 1809, Grace 1810, Mary Hannah 1817, Thomas Miles 1819, John George 1822, Israel Atkinson 1825 and George William 1833. 

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Inverary Church      Photo copyright: George J M Briscoe      Source: Geograph website and reproduced here in accordance with the terms of the site licence which can be viewed at this link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

Sometime between 1833 and 1841 the family returned to Yorkshire as in the 1841 census, John and Mary and some of their children are to be found at Eccleshill, Idle, near Bradford. John is described as a farmer.

Mary Watmuff died in 1850 in the Bradford Registration District, presumably at Eccleshill, Idle. John Watmuff died at Claife in Lancashire in 1851 whilst on a visit to his daughter Mary Hannah who had married a John Rawson, a farmer of 12 acres. 

Returning to Isaac Watmough – he became a Master Surgeon in 1830, obtained his MD in 1832 from the University of Glasgow and became a Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries in London in 1835. By 1841 he was working as a Doctor at Pockington, Yorkshire where he was living in Regent Street with his wife (Jane Smithson whom he had married in 1833) and their children John, Mary Hannah and Jane. 

All of Isaac and Jane Watmough’s known children were born at Pocklington. These were: John Smithson 1834, Mary Hannah 1836, Jane 1840, William 1841 and Anne Elizabeth 1847.

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Pocklington church      Photo copyright: Keith Laverack     Source: Geograph website and reproduced here in accordance with the of the site licence which be viewed at this link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

 The family was still at Regent Street in 1851. By 1861 they had moved to a house in Chapmangate, Pocklington and by 1871 they had moved again to George Street. 

Isaac died at Pocklington on 8 October 1875. By 1881, his widow Jane had moved to Doncaster to live with her daughter Jane Heathcote who was also by now a widow. By 1891, Jane Watmough and her daughter Jane had moved to Christchurch in Hampshire which is where her son William had settled after his marriage. It was at Christchurch that Jane Watmough passed away on 4 December 1896. I

t would be wrong to think of Isaac Watmough as a simple country doctor. He kept himself imformed of current medical research and no doubted conducted his own. He was a regular contributor to learned medical journal as the following letter demonstrates: 

On the Combination of Senna with Matico in Haemorrhage from the Bowels in Fever

To the Editor of the Provincial Medical and Surgical Journal

 Sir I have frequently used matico in cases of haemorrhage, but I was much pleased about three months ago, with the benefit obtained from combining it with senus, in a case of typhus fever, where haemorrhage from the bowels took place. As I had previously attended to the state of the liver &c, I immediately ordered Matico and Foliorum Sennae utrq. dr.ij. to be infused in a pint of boiling water, and a wine glassful to be taken frequently. Scybala mingled with blood soon passed the intestines, after which less blood flowed, and by continuing the above mixture in similar doses at various intervals for three or four days, during which time the alvine evacuations gradually improved, my patient soon got rid of this troublesome symptom. 

I make these hasty remarks in order that this remedy, (Matico,) which I consider one of the most valuable additions lately made to the Materia Medica, may be more used in the various forms in which disease in constantly taking place in these wonderous coils, whose healthy functions are so essential to the well-being of man, and the inferior animals. I used this combination with a view, not only to arrest the haemorrhage, but also to prevent the diarroea which frequently follows it in fever cases. Anything which will obviate this, is worthy of the attention of those who are anxious to combat, alleviate, or remove the sufferings, in every form, of their fellow creatures. 

The publication of Dr. Hartle’s valuable communication to Dr. Jeffreys, in the last number of our journal, has emboldened me to address this note, which, if you think it worthy a place in the pages of the Provincial Medical and Surgical Journal, you are at liberty to insert.

 I am, Sir

Your most obedient servant,

ISAAC WATMOUGHPocklington, Yorkshire,   March 4th 1847 

Isaac’s son William Watmough also qualified as a Doctor and practised at Christchurch in Hampshire. William married Catherine Kemp-Welch in 1867 in Clapham. They had three children, all born at Christchurch. These were Robert William 1869, Frank Cuthbert 1878 and Edward Hall 1880. 

It is of interest to note that it is very likely that the family who ran the printing firm of Watmoughs Ltd at Idle, were closely related to Dr. Isaac Watmough. Like Isaac, they appear to have been direct descendants of Jeremiah Watmuff and Grace Wood through their son Miles Watmuff who was baptised at Otley on 11 January 1789. Watmough’s Ltd was the subject of an earlier post.

 Click pictures to enlarge them

Over the course of time, most family surnames change their form. A vowel or a consonant is added or lost but the basic form usually remains the same. When members of a family migrated to a new area, if their surname was an unfamiliar one in the new locality, it often acquired a new spelling. When the Watmoughs of Lancashire first arrived in Shropshire the local clergy recorded the name in their parish registers in the form in which they heard it, using their own spelling – thus we have Wotmor, Watmere, Watmer, Watmore. In each case the short ‘o’ vowel sound was retained.  

It was rare for members of  the Watmore family to deliberately alter the form of  their name themselves. Even when a branch of the Whatmore family of Belbroughton  became ‘Whitmores’ in the nineteenth century, this was probably due in the first instance to a confusion by a local clergyman.

The decision of Thomas Whatmore from Mortlake in Surrey to change his name to Henry Gamble, is thus of great interest.

 In writing this post I have using the data researched by Carla Sherman, Jeff Gamble and Kristin Tobin  - all descendants of Henry Gamble. I am most grateful for their permission to make use of their  data. The family photographs are the copyright of Carla Sherman and I am grateful for her generosity in allowing me to reproduce these in this post.

Thomas Whatmore was baptised on 14 April 1822 at Mortlake, Surrey. He was the son of Thomas Whatmore and his wife Ann Fisher and the grandson of a further Thomas Whatmore and his wife Ann. It seems likely that this Whatmore family originated elsewhere – possibly in Berkshire or Hampshire – but ultimately there is no reason to doubt that it is part of the large Watmough family of the north of England. Thomas’s parents, his grandparents and other members of the family have been described in my earlier post on the Whatmore family of Mortlake.

In 1841, Thomas Whatmore born 1822 was not at home but he is probably the Thomas aged 15 (ages of adults were rounded up and down in the 1841 census) working as an agricultural labourer and lodging with John and Ann Wiseman at Mortlake.

Thomas Whatmore is missing in the 1851 census, and since we know that he joined the army he was probably abroad. By the 1860s he was in India, where he married Georgina Early Blackwell who was born on 31 December 1843 at Secunderabad, Andra Pradesh, India.  Secunderabad is now part of the twin city of Hyderabad. Thomas and Georgina’s first known child, Martha Ann was baptised as Gamble in 1860 so it seems probable that Thomas had changed his name prior to his marriage.

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Georgina Gamble (nee Blackwell) in 1914  Copyright: Carla Sherman and reproduced here by her kind permission 

According to family tradition, Thomas Whatmore changed his name when he changed regiments in India. We do not know why Thomas decided to change his name but there is no reason to suppose that he had an ulterior motive. Family tradition states that he adopted the name of his favourite teacher. As a former agricultural labourer, however, Thomas is unlikely to have had much formal education as a child and I wonder if this teacher was an army instructor. I note that there was a Henry Cutcliffe Gamble (born about 1822) at Calcutta in 1854.

In 1862, Thomas and Georgina Gamble were at Nagpur when their second known child, Thomas Alfred Gamble, was baptised on 2 December. They were probably living at Kamptee, some 16 kilometres from the city centre, which is where their third child Edward James Gamble was born in 1864.

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 Map of Nagpur by Wikigrinco  from the Wikimedia website and reproduced here in accordance with the terms of the site licence which can be read at this link:http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:GNU_Free_Documentation_License 

Although it sounds an Indian name – Kamptee was originally ‘Camp T’ (Temporary) and was founded by the British Army in 1821.  A large number of different regiments were based there at different times, making it difficult to identify the one(s) to which Henry Gamble belonged. A list of these regiments can be viewed at this link:      http://www.ans.com.au/~rampais/genelogy/india/kamptee/britregt.htm 

More information about Kamptee can be found at this link:

http://www.ans.com.au/~rampais/genelogy/india/kamptee/kamptee.htm

Sometime between 1864 and 1871, the Gamble family left India and settled at Oldham in Lancashire where their last known child, Charles William Gamble, was born in 1878. Why the family went to Oldham is not known. Perhaps it was where Georgina’s family had originated. Family tradition  says that Henry Gamble joined the Cavalry when he was back in England. By 1871, however, he was working as a labourer in an iron works and receiving a soldier’s pension. He was living with his family at 2 Parliament Street, Oldham, and for some reason gave his birthplace as Sussex!

 In 1879, tragedy struck the family when Martha Ann Gamble died aged about 19.

In 1881 the family were living at Chapel Croft Oldham. Henry is described as an unemployed pensioner. Georgina is described as a dressmaker. Thomas Alfred and Edward James were working as cotton operatives. Charles William is also at home aged 3.

The three Gamble brothers were very musical and could play a variety of instruments and one of them migrated to America with his band!

Henry Gamble died on 13 January 1883 at Oldham. His widow Georgina remarried in March Qtr 1884 in the Oldham Registration District to George Chatterton, a stoker, born about 1845 at Stockport. In 1891 George and Georgina were living at Oldham with Georgina’s son Edward James Gamble. George Chatterton died at Oldham in 1895. In 1901 Georgina is not to be found in the census so had probably gone to America in the company of her son Edward James Gamble.  Georgina died on 29 April 1929 in Bristol County, Massachusetts.

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The Gamble Family in Massachusetts in 1914  Photograph copyright: Carla Sherman and reproduced here by her kind permission.  

Thomas Alfred Gamble, the eldest son of Henry and Georgina had married Jane Leonard in 1882 at Oldham, and sometime between  1883 and 1888 they decided to seek a new life in America, having been recruited by the cotton Mills in Massachusetts.

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 Thomas Alfred Gamble and his wife Jane Leonard   Photograph copyright: Carla Sherman and reproduced here by her kind permission.  

Information about the cotton mills at New Bedford, Massachusetts can be found at this link:

http://www.textilehistory.org/NewBedford.html

Their first child, Annie Gamble was born on 8 December 1882 at Oldham, but their second child, Elizabeth Gamble was born on 7 July 1888 in Massachusetts, USA. Annie Gamble was to die young, before 1900, but Elizabeth married a Samuel Shaw in 1922.

In Massachusetts, Thomas Alfred and Jane had four further children –

Molly Anne Gamble, born 29 May 1890, who married Thomas F Curtiss, and died 8 September 1988 at Dartmouth, Bristol, Massachusetts.

John Collin Gamble, born 29 December 1891 at New Bedford, Bristol, Massachusetts, who married Lillian Agnes Mitchell on 6 September 1920 and died 15 September 1982 at Hershey, Dauphin, Pennsylvania.

Thomas Gamble, born and died in 1 March 1892.

Henry Joseph Gamble, born 30 September 1894 and died 8 April 1965 in Massachusetts.

Thomas Alfred  Gamble’s wife Jane died in 1899 at New Bedford, Bristol, Massachsetts and he remarried to a Mary O’Donnell. Thomas Alfred and Mary had two children:

Margaret Jane Gamble, born 13 March 1903 at Adams, Berkshire, Massachusetts and died 16 October 1994 at South Dartmouth, Bristol, Massachusetts.

Helen Frances Gamble, born 6 September 1905 at Adams, Berkshire, Massachusetts and died 13 February 1983 at New Bedford , Bristol, Massachusetts.

Thomas Alfred’s second wife Mary died in 1908 and he married for the third time to Sarah Elizabeth Donally. Thomas Alfred and Sarah had one child:

Francis Gregory Gamble, born 21 August 1910 at Adams, Berkshire, Massachusetts, who married Ethel Ann O’Brien and died 3 September 1976 in the Bronx, New York.

Thomas Alfred Gamble died on 26 March 1941 at Lowell, Middlesex, Massachusetts.

Edward James Gamble, the second son of Henry and Georgina married Alice Edgar in 1883 at Oldham. Their six known children were all born at Oldham. These were:

William Henry Gamble, born 19 February 1884 who married a Mary.

James Gamble born 3 January 1886, who married  Clara Coury, and died 1942.

Mary Emma Gamble born 11 August 1887 who married Felix Francis Marlow, and died 22 July 1969 at New Bedford, Bristol, Massachusetts.

Robert Gamble, born 27 October 1895, who married Lilly Entwistle,  and died 1985 at Buffalo, Erie, New York.

Thomas Gamble, born 6 September 1900 and died 15 May 1972 at Taunton, Bristol, Massachusetts.

Charles Collin Gamble, born 6 March 1903, who married Hazel Barton Hammond, and died 27 May 1977 at New Bedford, Bristol, Massachusetts.

In 1891, Edward James Gamble and his family were at 33 Boston Street, Oldham. He was working as a cotton spinner and his wife Alice is described as a Bobbin Tenter.

In 1901, Edward  James Gamble’s wife, Alice, and their children were living at Oldham with Alice’s mother Sarah J  Mellor. Edward James is not to be found in the census and it seems probable that he had taken his mother Georgina to America. Edward James Gamble was, however back in Oldham by 1902, as his son Charles Collin Gamble was born there on 6 March 1903.

Edward and his family are missing from the 1911 census so they must have gone to America to live between 1903 and 1911.

Edward James Gamble died about 1930 and his wife Alice died about 1935 at New Bedford, Bristol, Massachusetts.

Charles William Gamble

Charles William Gamble was the third son of Henry and Georgina Gamble. He seems to have resisted the lure of America and remained at Oldham where he worked in a foundry. In 1911 he was lodging at Oldham with a Martha Dyson. It seems likely that he married an Eliza A Jackson at Oldham in 1913, but she died in 1919 and they do not appear to have had any children. Charles William Gamble is believed to have died in England in 1922 but as I cannot trace the registration of his death, perhaps he did eventually go to join the rest of the family in America.

The Gamble family continues to thrive in America. I wonder if any of them has ever thought about changing their name back to Whatmore? Probably not – but is it good to think that they are all still aware of their origins at Mortlake as Whatmores.

  Please click on pictures to enlarge them

John Smalman of Quatford  has ample claim to being another of Marjory’s illustrious ancestors as he was talented builder and architect. 

John Smalman was born on 7 April 1782 at Munslow, the eldest son of John Smalman and his wife Jane Wainwright. John of Quatford was a direct descendant of Edward Smalman of Neenton  via Edward’s 3rd son William.

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John Smalman of Quatford Castle     Portrait in the Town Hall, Bridgnorth     Photo copyright: Rhys Whatmore

About 1816 he enlarged Stanley Hall, Astley Abbots.

 

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 Stanley Hall showing to the left the wing designed by John SmalmanPainting by John Holmes Smith   Copyright: Shropshire Archaeological Society and reproduced here by their kind permission 

In 1820 he designed the Rectory at Chetton. 

In 1823 he widened the two middle arches of the bridge at Bridgnorth by inserting iron girders.

In 1823  he designed  ‘The Albynes’ – a house between Bridgnorth and Ironbridge which is now a guest house  and can be viewed at this link:  http://www.thealbynes.co.uk/

In 1823/4 he designed and built Bridgnorth theatre.

In 1828 he designed the vicarage at Ditton Priors

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Chetton Church     Photograph copyright: Geoff Pick  From the Geograph website and reproduced here in accordance with the term of the site licence which can be viewed at this link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/    

In 1829/30 he built the National Schools at Bewdley

John Smalman also  appears to have been involved in the early nineteenth century alterations at Dudmaston Hall near Quatt and was probably responsible for the new attic storey.

John Smalman made a fortune from his projects and in 1830 he built for himself a castellated mansion  at Quatford, known as Quatford Castle. At the same time he largely rebuilt the village of Quatford. George Griffith’s poem ‘The English Village’ is dedicated to John Smalman.

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Quatford Castle     Postcard by Wildings of Castle Street Shrewsbury

A Whig in politics, John Smalman was elected  an alderman of Bridgnorth  in 1835 and he served as Mayor in 1837/38.

John Smalman died unmarried on 11 March 1852 aged 69 and was buried at Quatford where a memorial refers to ‘the vigorous will … simplicity of life, sound judgement and indomitable perseverance’ which enabled him to rise to ‘Honour and Fortune’

John Smalman was also a poet and several long manuscript  poems still survive including ‘Lines addressed to Mrs Farmer [of] Ludstone Hall on her judicious attention to the preservation of the character and state of that ancient mansion’ Not a very catchy title and hardly a poem to be included in popular anthologies!

The well know Victorian architect S. Poultney Smith of Shrewsbury (1812 – 1883) – a descendant of the main line of the Smalman family of Neenton), was the nephew and pupil of John Smalman.

A portrait of John Smalman used to hang in the Mayor’s parlour at Bridgnorth.

 Sources: 

‘A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600 – 1840’ by Howard Colvin     Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art

‘The Sequestration Papers of Thomas Smalman of Wilderhope’ Rev. W.G.D. Fletcher Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society  3rd Series Volume 3 1903

 Click on pictures and charts in this post to enlarge them

 Marjory Smalman is of importance in the annals of the Whatmore family as she was almost certainly the mother of Thomas Watmore of Curdale from whom a very large number of the Whatmores in the West Midlands descend. 

We have very few definite facts about Marjory, other than her marriage at Neenton on 25 September 1575 to Thomas Wotmar and her burial there on 20 December 1614. Nevertheless, it is possible from the Smalmans recorded in the Neenton parish register to make an informed guess as to where she fits into the Smalman family.

There had been Smalmans in and around Neenton from very early times and in his ‘Collections for Shropshire’ Volume 2, the genealogist W D Fletcher provides a chart linking the Smalmans of Margery’s time back to a Richard Smalman who held lands at Long Stanton in Corvedale in 1229. (Microfilm 40 at Shropshire Archives, Shrewsbury). Writing about the Smalman family in the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society for 1903 (Third Series Volume 3), Mr Fletcher gives the source of this chart as a pedigree drawn up by William Hardwicke of Bridgnorth and later copied by other genealogists.  Mr Fletcher states ‘ with all deference to work of these eminent genealogists, this early pedigree seems to me to consist merely of a number of names of persons that are found in various deeds and documents, which they proceeded to connect together. I do not think that this early pedigree of 11 generations, ranging from 1229 to 1554 could be satisfactorily proved….’ The pedigree does however show just how long the Smalmans had been in the area and it could perhaps be correct! My computerised version of this pedigree is provided below.

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Since Marjory Smalman was married at Neenton at a time when there were many others with that name in the village it seems reasonable to assume that she was from Neenton. Marjory’s last known child was William Watmore baptised at Neenton in 1590. If we assume that she was about 45 when she had her last  child, Marjory will have been born about 1545. The Neenton parish registers start in 1558 and do not contain Marjory’s baptism so a date before that fits well.

The Smalman genealogical table in the published version of the Visitation of Shropshire of 1623 shows an Edward Smalman  at the top and we know from the parish registers that he was buried at Neenton on 4 May 1577, so he is a contender for the father of Margery Smalman, but his children shown in the pedigree do not include a Margery. Edward did have a daughter called Margretta, but unlike four of her sisters shown on the chart, no marriage is shown for Margretta indicating that she either died young or did not marry.

Looking at the chart devised by William Hardwicke (see above) we find that Edward is supposed to have had a brother William who was at Oxenbold in 1550 and at Monkhopton in 1568. This William is shown as married to an Anne but no details are given as to children. Mr Fletcher, however, provides a chart of the children of a William who he shows as the son of Edward, but since this does not match information on other charts as to the wife and children of Edward’s son, William, I think Mr Fletcher has made an error and the pedigree chart of his William, son of Edward, is actually that of William the brother of Edward. In any case the children on the chart do not include a Marjory.

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All is not lost however, since there are two other possible fathers for Marjory recorded in the Neenton parish register. One of these is a John Smalman who was buried (widower) on Neenton on 24 April 1558. The other is a Robert Smalman who was buried at Neenton on 14 March 1578. Of these two, I suggest that Robert is more likely to have been Marjory’s father, as it seems unlikely that both her parents would have died well before the date of her marriage. I have thus linked Marjory speculatively to Robert, in my charts.

Before we turn to some of Marjory’s relatives, we should quickly note that the known children of Marjory and Thomas Watmore born at Neenton were: Edward 1576, Eleanor 1578, Joan 1581, Thomas of Curdale 1586 and William 1590.

Relationships between the Smalmans and the Watmores at Neenton were not always of the best. In ‘Wat’s Brother in Law’ Geoffrey Whatmore states the following:

 To return to Neenton: it was here that on more than one occasion that the Watmores established a somewhat uncertain relationship with the ubiquitous Smalman family, some successful gentry, some little more than vagabonds, for the snakes and ladders of family fortunes could be cruel to those without preferment or natural abilities. In spite of their relationship by marriage, the Neenton Watmores and Smalmans were quarrelling as early as 1600 when Thomas Whatmore [Majory’s husband] and his son Edward complained that Richard Smalman had ‘made an affray against John Davies and drawn blood’ for which he was fined 3s 4d. In others words a rare old set-to took place. Things had not improved ten years later when Edward Watmore with William Cleeton, the constable, reported at the Manor Court that Richard Smalman and his son William were involved in comminatio ad vexatio – that is, threatening and scolding, which does not seem so bad. Nevertheless, after due enquiry they were fined twenty shillings.’ (Cleobury Court Rolls) The Richard referred to above was probably either the brother or the cousin of Marjory Whatmore. Richard Smalman was born before 1558 and was buried at Neenton on 21 April 1603. His children were Jone 1577, William 1579, Fraunces 1583, Thomas 1586 and Edward 1588. 

I shall now turn to some of the illustrious relatives of Marjory Smalman. 

Edward Smalman 

Edward was born about 1520 and married Eleanor or Elizabeth Hopton. They lived at Neenton and at Oxenbold. He was buried on 4 May 1577 at Neenton. Eleanor was buried on 14 June 1580 at Much Wenlock. The pedigree chart from the Visitation of Shropshire in 1623 gives their children as: Katherine Smalman, who married Thomas Lokyer at Neenton on 31 May 1568. Elizabeth Smalman who married someone with the surname of Dunn. Jocosa (Joyce) Smalman who married Thomas Adams at Neenton on 13 November 1575. They lived at Broseley. Anna Smalman who married Radulphi Bromley. Margaretta Smalman Maria Smalman Thomas Smalman who married Agnes Durant. Francis Smalman who married an Ellena To these children  Mr Fletcher adds a further son: William Smalman who married an Ann. 

Thomas Smalman, son of Edward of Neenton 

Thomas was the eldest son of Edward, and his heir. He was probably the cousin of Marjorie Whatmore nee Smalman. In the Visitation of 1623 he is described as being ‘of Elton in Herefordshire. He was probably born before 1558 at Neenton and he married Agnes, the daughter of Stephen Durant of Middlesex. He was a Barrister-at- Law and a reader of the Inner Temple in London. He also served as one of the Justices of the Council of Wales.  In 1583 he purchased Wilderhope Manor in Corvedale from Rowland Lacon  and also a small farm at Wilderhope from Richard Parramore. In 1584 Thomas leased the farm for forty years to his brother Francis who was responsible for the building of the present Wilderhope Manor, but the estate and house eventually reverted back to Thomas’s descendants. In 1586 Thomas Smalman bought Nether Stanway near Oswestry and Neenton. He also bought the Manor of Elton at Herefordshire which seems to have been his country residence.  (Elton Hall - Not open to the public) 

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 Elton Hall  and church    Photograph by Ian Capper from the Geograph website and reproduced here in accordance with the terms of the site licence which can be read at this link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/  

On 10  1588 Thomas was awarded a crest and a coat of arms by the Herald Cooke Clarenceux. The coat of arms is gules, a chevron between three falcons rising or. The crest is an heraldic antelope sejant holding up the dexter foot sa. horns and tail or, gorged with a ducal coronet  and lined gold. Thomas died on 22 June 1590 and was buried in the Inner Temple Church in London.   

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The arms of the Smalman FamilySource: Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society 3rd Series Volume 3 1903 

The children of Thomas and Ann as shown in the Visitation of  1623 were:  Stephen Smalman of Wilderhope (heir), Francis, Henry, Maria who married John Adams of Cleeton, Elizabeth who married Richard Cleeton Cleets of Coventry, Anna who married Richard Harris of Cruckton, and Margaret who married William Holland of Boreaton .  

Stephen Smalman,  son of Thomas and grandson of Edward 

Stephen married Jane Lawley of Sponhill. They had a large family: Elizabeth, Jane, Maria who married Alexander Nevill of Weston in Nottinghamshire, Beatrix, Anna, Francis (the heir), George, William, Andrew, Thomas, Richard, Andrew, John and Edward. Stephen Smalman is described in the Visitation as ‘of Wilderhope’ so we must assume that he and family moved into the house which had been built by his uncle Francis Smalman and who died in 1599. The children of Stephen Smalman can claim royal descent from Henry III, King of England, through their mother, Jane Lawley according to a pedigree chart included in ‘Collections for Shropshire’ Volume 2 W. D. Fletcher (Microfilm No. 40 Shropshire Archives).  However, a comparison of this pedigree with the one available on the website - the Peerage.com, indicates that there seem to be errors. For the benefit of any descendants who may read this post, I am reproducing the main details of a chart at Shropshire Archives, with details added from the pedigree at thepeerage.com.  Each generation is son of daughter of the previous one. 

Henry III born 1 October 1207 at Winchester Castle married Eleanor of Provence. He died on 16 November 1272 at Westminster Palace. 

Edmund ‘Crouchback’ Plantagenet was born on 16 January 1245 in London and  married as his second wife Blanche d’Artois. Edmund died  on 5 June 1296 at Bayonne in France. 

Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Leicester was born about 1281 at Grosmont Castle in Monmouthshire. He married Matilda de Chaworth (shown on the chart as Maud). Henry died on 22 September 1345 at Leicester. 

Lady Eleanor Plantagenet was born about 1318 and married as her second husband Richard FitzAlan 10th Earl of Arundel. He died on 24 January 1376 at Arundel Castle. Lady Eleanor died on 11 January 1372 at Arundel Castle. 

Mary FitzAlan is shown on the chart as the daughter of Lady Eleanor and Richard FitzAlan, but the peerage website shows her as the daughter of Edmund FitzAlan 9th Earl of Arundel and his wife Alice de Warenne. If the peerage website is correct – the Smalmans have no royal link.

 Mary FitzAlan married John Lestrange 4th  Lord Strange of Blackmere. He was born about 1332 at Whitchurch, Hampshire and died on 12 May 1361(The chart at Shropshire Archives and the peerage website match again) 

Ankaret Lestrange  who died about 1413 married Richard Talbot 4th Lord Talbot. He died on 7 September 1396.(The chart at Shropshire Archives and the peerage website match again) 

General John Talbot 1st Earl of Shrewsbury was born about 1390 and married Maud de Neville Baroness Furnivalle. She was born about 1392 and died about 1423. General John Talbot was killed in action on 20 July 1453 near Chastillon.(The chart at Shropshire Archives and the peerage website match again) 

John Talbot 2nd  Earl of Shrewsbury was born about 1413. He married Elizabeth Butler. He died on 11 July 1460 and was buried at Worksop Priory. 

Ann Talbot – their supposed daughter  according to the chart – is not shown on the peerage website and from here on the information is solely from the chart at Shropshire Archives.

Ann married Sir Henry Vernon. Elizabeth Vernon married Sir Robert Corbet of Moreton Corbet. 

Anna Corbet married Thomas Newport. 

Sir Richard Newport married Margaret Bromley. 

Elizabeth Newport married Francis Lawley. 

Jane Lawley married Stephen Smalman. 

If you would like to explore the peerage, please follow this link: http://www.thepeerage.com/index.htm  

Francis Smalman, son of Stephen Smalman of Wilderhope 

Francis Smalman married Abigail Morris and their known children were: Thomas, Stephen, Francis, Edward, Joyce and Ann. The family lived at Wilderhope Manor. Francis was a barrister-at-law and served as member of Parliament for Wenlock. 

Thomas Smalman, son of Francis of Wilderhope Manor 

We now come to the most famous member of the Smalman family - Thomas Smalman – who was born 16 August 1624 and baptised at Rushbury on 3 October 1624.  Thomas and his  family lived at Wilderhope Manor. 

Thomas Smalman was an ardent Royalist but we do not know what part he actually played in the Civil War but we know that he was hunted and persecuted by Cromwell’s troops.  The story of his escape on one occasion, from the Parliamentarian soldiers, is well known in Shropshire. When he was away from the house some troops broke in and looted it. Returning home and finding it ransacked, Thomas swore revenge and mounting his horse he pursued the soldiers. He caught up with them in a narrow defile on the Ludlow road, killed two or three of the troupers and recovered his property. Soon afterwards a stronger party of troups surrounded Wilderhope Manor, but, mounted on his horse, Thomas broke through them and escaped. He was pursued along Wenlock Edge  and was on the point of being captured when he made a bold leap on horseback from a perpendicular piece of rock some 25 feet high. Although his horse was killed by the fall, Thomas’ descent was broken by the branches of a crab apple tree and he was able to scramble down and get away. The place where this occurred is still known as ‘Major’s Leap’ and is located near Presthope Quarry  on the road from Much Wenlock  to Church Stretton.

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Major’s Leap, Wenlock Edge  Photograph by Steve Green and reproduced here by his kind permission

To view more of Steve Green’s superb photographs please follow this link:  http://www.stelor.plus.com/index.html   

Later on, Thomas was compounded by Parliament for having supported the King.  

Thomas married Jane Price in 1655. Their known children were: Anne born 2 September at Rushbury and buried at Neenton on 8 December 1685. Francis born, baptised and buried at Rushbury on 16 May 1657, Richard born 4 June 1658 at Rushbury and buried there on 19 September 1658, Francis born 1 August 1659 and who died young before 1663, Abigail baptised at Rushbury on 9 January 1600, Maurice baptised on 25 and buried on 26 December 1661 at Rushbury, Mary baptised at Rushbury on 1 March 1662, Katherine – living in 1693, Elizabeth baptised at Rushbury on 14 June 1664, Susanna baptised at Cound on 9 October 16650 ,Henry born at Neenton and baptised at Rushbury on 9 June 1672.  

There is also an old story that Thomas Smalman slew his Smalman cousin of Kinnersley and put the corpse on the back of his cousin’s horse which made its way back to Kinnersley unaided. As late as 1870 a tree called ‘ the marked ash’ was pointed out as the scene of the murder. 

Thomas’s wife Jane died in November 1684 and was buried at Neenton. Thomas himself died in November 1693 and was buried with his wife at Neenton. By this time he had secured Wilderhope and his other estates for his son Henry. 

The following is a transcript of Thomas’s will dated 22 October 1693. The transcript is provided by Rev W G D Fletcher in an article in the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society. (See Sources below) 

‘I desire to be buried in the Chancell of Neenton Church near the body of my late wife. I give to the poor of the several parishes of Neenton and Rushbury forty shillings each parish, and to those of Cleobury North, Chetton and Ditton Priors twenty shillings each parish. To my daughters Susan Smalman and Katherine Smalman a guinea each to buy a ring. To my daughter Abigail five shillings. To my friends Arthur Weaver of Morvield, co. Salop, Esq and Thomas Dunne of Wrickton in the same county gentn.  forty shillings apiece to buy rings or what they please. To Thomas Bebb, Mary Bebb, and Jane Bebb, children of John Bebb of Wilderhope in the said county five shillings each; to Joseph Bebb another son twenty shillings; and to  Joyce Bebb wife of the said John five pounds for a suit of mourning. I devise my messauge gardens and orchards called Bebbs tenement and hitherto by the name of Griffiths, situate in Wildertop alias Widerhope in co. Salop, to Edward Holland and Thomas Adney gentlemenas trustees. My son Henry Smalman to be executor. [mentions several servants] 

Signed Thomas Smalman  

 Witnesses: Thos. Edwards, Jno. Cleeton,  Wm. Haslewood. 

Thomas Smalman had already settled Wilderhope Manor on his son Henry.  

Thomas does not seem to have rested easily in his grave as there have been reports over the centuries of his ghost being seen on Wenlock Edge and also at Wilderhope Manor where it was known as ‘Honest John.’ At Wilderhope his ghost was reported to assume the form of a fiery bull with griffin’s wings. As recently as 1903 there was still in existence  a harangue used by the clergy to lay his ghost. This does not seem to have been effective as in recent years the ghost of a cavalier has been seen in the main hall at Wilderhope. On a recent visit a writer encountered  a tall figure standing in the doorway dressed in a full cloak, a floppy hat with a large plume and thigh length boots. The ghost raised its head slightly in response to the writer then walked across the room and passed through a solid wall. The ghost is sometimes accompanied by a young girl who smiles sweetly before screaming ‘ a scream from hell’.   

Francis Smalman, son of Edward Smalman of Neenton 

The final ‘illustrious relative’ I shall describe is Francis, son of Edward of Neenton. He married an Ellena. They had two sons. It was Francis who was responsible for the building of Wilderhope Manor on land which he had leased from his brother Thomas.  Francis was buried on 25 July 1599 at Rushbury. 

One of the children of Francis and Ellena was Francis Smalman who married a Susan Fabian in about 1602. Francis was Sheriff of Herefordshire in 1615. In 1618 Francis bought Kinnersley Castle near Leominster which had been rebuilt in 1588 by Roger Vaughan. 

Francis and Susan’s  son William Smalman was baptised at Hereford cathedral in 1603. William married a Lucy Whitney and their children were  Lucy and Anne.   

In the church at Kinnersley is the very fine monument of Francis Smalman who died in 1635. In the ‘Buildings of England: Herefordshire’ Nikolaus Pevsner describes the monument as:  

‘Alabaster and marble. A very fine piece. Two kneeling figures facing one another below a baldacchino held by two trumpet blowing cherubs. In the ‘predella’, [the horizontal strip below the main presentation] more kneeling figures, kneeling in both directions – all very lively and not at all stiff’ 

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Kinnersley Castle    Photograph by Phillip Halling from the Geograph website and reproduced here in accordance with the terms of the site licence which can be read at this link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ 

Kinnersley Castle is open to the public. Further details can be found at this link: http://www.kinnersleycastle.co.uk/events.html 

Wilderhope Manor 

The photographs  of Wilderhope included here were taken by H. H. Hughes during or before 1903 and accompany an article by Rev. W. G. Fletcher  in the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society. (See Sources below) 

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 ceiling-1.jpg

 ceiling-2.jpg

 Built between 1584 and 1591 by Francis Smalman, son of  Edward Smalman of Neenton, the house reverted to the descendants of his brother Thomas Smalman after the death of Francis in 1599. The Smalman occupants were thus: Francis and Ellen, Stephen, Francis, Thomas (of Major’s Leap), Henry and Thomas. This last Thomas sold the house in 1734 to Thomas Lutwyche. By the early twentieth  century the house was in a ruinous state and it was bought in 1936 for the National Trust by the Cadbury Trust. 

The house is open to the public, but the hours are infrequent as the building is used as a youth house. For details follow this link, but you are advised to check the accuracy of the information given before making a visit: http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-wilderhopemanor T

he following description of the house is taken from the ‘Victoria County History of Shropshire’ Volume 10: 

The house,of six bays and 212  storeys, faces south-east across a shallow valley. It is of limestone rubble with quoins, mullions, and pediments of Hoar Edge grit. The upper parts of the chimneys and the shafts are of brick, the former diapered. The roof is of Harnage stone slates. It was taxed on seven hearths in 1672. The hall, presumably with great chamber over, has a screens passage at its west end entered through a projecting porch bay. The hall has a lateral north fireplace and a south-facing oriel at its west end. Like the porch, the oriel rises the full height of the house and is gabled. The south front is generously provided with mullioned and transomed windows. On the north is a projecting semicircular staircase turret, and the great chamber did not therefore have to function also as a first-floor passage room. A secondary newel stair rises in the angle between porch, screens and service bay. The parlour range at the east end of the house has an east chimney stack and a projecting north garderobe chute. The service range at the west of the house extends back north of the hall, and its large west chimney stack suggests that originally its ground floor was mainly taken up with kitchen rather than pantries. The parlour and hall are among several rooms retaining their original moulded plaster ceilings; devices include Francis and Ellen Smalman’s initials and formerly included the family’s arms and motto. Some original fireplaces survive. Perhaps in the seventeenth century the parlour and the great chamber were subdivided; otherwise alterations have been few.’ 

Sources for this post 

‘Wat’s Brother in Law’  Geoffrey Whatmore  Available as a CD Rom at this link:    http://www.genfair.co.uk/supplier.php?sid=115

‘The Sequestration papers of Thomas Smalman of Wilderhope’ Rev. W.G.D. Fletcher    Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society Third Series Volume 3  1903

‘Collections for Shropshire’ Volume 2   Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher (Microfilm 40  Shropshire Archives)

‘The Annual Excursion’ Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society Second  Series Volume 8  1896

The Visitation of Shropshire 1623

‘Rushbury’  from ‘ Victoria History of the County of Shropshire’  Volume 10

‘The General Armory’ Sir Bernard Burke 1884

Neenton Parish Registers  Shropshire parish Register Society 1903

‘Buildings of England – Herefordshire’ Nikolaus Pevsener

ThePeerage.com    compiled  by Darryl Lundy

http://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/features/halloween/halloween_shropshire_02.shtml                 (Wilderhope ghosts)

   

There must have been compelling reasons for families to uproot themselves in the nineteenth century and make the long and hazardous journey from England to Australia. By the 1850s, the reasons were unlikely to have been religious persecution at home. It was more likely to have been the chance of a better life with new opportunities in a developing country. There was also the availability of Government assistance with the cost of the voyage. This post is about members of the Whatmore family of Mortlake who made the courageous decision to try their luck in a new land, and how they prospered there. I am most grateful to Mary MacDonald, Pamela Cushing and Margaret Hackney who have researched this family and have very generously allowed me to use their data and family portraits. These pictures remain their copyright and should not be further reproduced without their agreement.  

Additional data for which I am most grateful has been very kindly provided by Beverley Clarke and Kristin Tobin.

The origin of the Whatmore family of Mortlake is unknown. It would seem that the Thomas Whatmore who was there in the 1841 census was the first of the Whatmore family to settle at Mortlake. In 1841 his age is given as 80, although this has probably been rounded up or down by up to 5 years by the enumerator. He would have been born between 1756 and 1766. The census states that he was not born in Surrey The IGI (though incomplete) shows that there were no Whatmores baptised at Mortlake between 1599 and 1677, but the records for 1678 to 1766 are not available on the internet. If we go with the census statement about Thomas’s origin, then he could have been born anywhere, but the fact that his grandson Thomas, born  about 1822, eventually settled in Oldham, Lancashire, suggests that perhaps this family originated in that area. There is in any case no reason not to believe that the Mortlake Whatmores originated as part of the Watmoughs of the north of England.

 mortlake-print.jpgMortlake   From Harrison’s History of London’ published 1775    Reproduced from the website of Roger Baynton with his kind permission. To see more of the engravings which Roger Baynton has for sale please follow this link:

http://www.baynton-williams.com/about_us.htm

We know from the baptismal records that Thomas’s wife was called Ann and that they had at least seven children baptised at Mortlake. These were Thomas 1794, William 1795, Mary Ann 1796,Sarah 1798, Sarah 1801, Frances 1803 and Martha 1806. In 1841 Thomas was at ‘Whatmore’s Cottage’ at Mortlake with his son William aged 45, a gardener, Sarah, William’s wife, and William and Sarah’s children – William born 1826 Sarah born 1827 and Thomas born 1830. Thomas’s wife Ann had died about 1829 whilst Thomas died on 30 December 1849. As far as we know only one of the children of Thomas and Ann migrated to Australia – this was Thomas born 1794.  

Thomas Whatmore born 1794 at Mortlake 

Thomas Whatmore born 1794 became a Master Tailor. He married Ann Fisher on 3 September 1815 at St George’s Hanover Square, London. They had ten known children. These were: Susannah Ann Whatmore born 1816 and who died in 1851 at Mortlake. She married a James Reeves.  

Marianne Whatmore born 1818 at Mortlake 

William Whatmore born 1820 at Mortlake and who went to Australia.

 Thomas Whatmore born about 1822 at Mortlake. Thomas joined the army and went to India. At some point he changed regiments and at the same time changed his name to Henry Gamble. He married Georgianna Blackwell in India. The family later returned to England and settled in Oldham. Thomas/Henry died in 1883 in Oldham. Two of the children migrated to Massachusetts, USA taking Georgianna with them. This family will be the subject of a future post. 

George Whatmore born 1823 at Mortlake and died in 1848. 

Martha Whatmore born 1826 at Mortlake.

 Richard Whatmore born 1836 at Mortlake and went to Australia. 

Charles Whatmore born 1828 at Mortlake and died in the Workhouse at Richmond, Surrey in 1847. 

Edward Whatmore born 1829 at Mortlake and went to Australia. 

Elizabeth Whatmore born about 1832 at Mortlake and went to Australia. 

Ann Whatmore  born about  1833 at Mortlake and died 1847. 

Those who have researched the Mortlake family believe that the first to leave England were Thomas Whatmore born 1794 and his wife Ann (nee Fisher). This seems to me unlikely as Thomas was a Master Tailor and presumably well-established at Mortlake. It seems to me more probable that one or more of his children went first and that Thomas and Ann followed a couple of years later.  

Edward Whatmore born 1829 at Mortlake 

Edward Whatmore (the youngest son) went alone  to Australia in 1852 on an assisted passage aboard the ship ‘Sir Robert Sale’. He married Sarah Seagrave in 1857 at Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. they had three known children:

Mary Alicia Whatmore born 1858 at Geelong who died in 1939. She married William Harold Williams and after his death she remarried to Henry Parsons.

Elizabeth Whatmore born 1860 at Ballarat  who died in 1881 at Ballarat.

George Whatmore born 1862 at Ballarat and who died in 1863 at Ballarat.

William Whatmore born 1820 at Mortlake

William born 1820, the eldest son of Thomas Whatmore William married an Ann Davies in 1850 at St James’s, Paddington. In 1851 William and Ann were living at Kew and William was working as a gardener .  William and Ann went to Australia in 1855 sailing first to Melbourne on the ‘Fingal’ and then on to Tasmania on the ‘Black Swan.’ With them on the voyage were their first two children – Elizabeth born about 1853 in London and George born about 1854 in London. They settled at Launceston where their son William was born in 1855. In 1856 they were living at Lyttleton Street.

 Launceston is about 30 kilometres from the coast and is located on the Tamar River in the north eastern part of Tasmania.  It is well laid out with parks and gardens and today is the second largest city in the island.  For more information about Launceston please follow this link:http://www.discovertasmania.com/destinations/launceston_tamar_and_north/launceston 

Since both of William’s parents died in Launceston, it seems likely that when they came out to Australia they lived with William and his family. William’s father Thomas did not live long in his new country. He died at Launceston on 13 January 1858, his death being attributed to ‘decay of nature’. Thomas’ wife Ann was certainly living with her son William at Lyttelton Street, Launceston when she died at the age of 90 on 13 January 1882. 

In the new country, William and Ann had a least five further children all born at Launceston. These were: William 1855, Thomas William 1857, Charles 1859, Martha Ann 1861 and Annie Elizabeth 1864. Of William and Ann’s five children who survived to adulthood  (William and Thomas William  died young) only Elizabeth made a life in Tasmania – the others  went to the state of Victoria. 

William Whatmore born about 1820 at Mortlake died at Launceston on 4 February 1892. After his death, his wife Ann must have gone to live with one of her children in Victoria as she died there on 4 March 1899 at Carlton. 

We now turn to Charles Whatmore born in 1859 at Launceston, the son of Wiliam and Ann. Charles married a Blanche Jefferies. They lived first at Fitzroy in Victoria, then at Clifton Hill in Victoria and later at Hamilton Victoria. Fitzroy and Clifton Hill are today adjacent surburbs of Melbourne and are about four kilometres from the main business district. Hamilton  is about 50 kilometres inland and is about  285 kilometres west of Melbourne. It is situated on a lake and is described today as ‘the wool capital of the world’ so perhaps Charles Whatmore  was involved in some way in the wool industry. 

For more information about Hamilton please follow this link:http://www.visitvictoria.com/displayobject.cfm/objectid.0004FD87-085C-1A65-88CD80C476A90318/  

Charles and Ann had twelve known children, nine of whom survived to adulthood and who all remained in the state of Victoria. The children were May Victoria 1884, Clarind Maud 1885, William T 1887, Susan Ann 1888, Rosina Bertha 1891, Blanche 1893, Ernest George 1893, Florence Lilian 1895, Beatrice Ester 1898, George Charles 1900, Leonard E 1903 and Alexander Russell 1906. Charles Whatmore died at Hamilton on 28 January 1921. His wife Blanche died at St Kilda on 23 June 1939. 

Richard Whatmore born 1836 at Mortlake 

Richard Whatmore was the son of  Thomas Whatmore and Ann nee Fisher. We do not know when he went to Australia – the earliest record of him there is of his marriage to  Elizabeth Brightwell  on 8 August 1864 at Cresswick in the state of Victoria. Richard died on 27 August 1917 at Smeaton in the state of Victoria. Kingston, Victoria is a very small town close to Ballarat as are the other places what the Whatmore family settled – Smeaton and Creswick. They are some 85 kilometres north west of Melbourne. Ballarat itself is today the largest inland city of the state of Victoria , located in the Central Highlands. It was just a small township when gold was discovered in 1851 and the population rose within two years to 40,000. it has many fine old buildings 

For more information on Ballarat please follow this link:http://goaustralia.about.com/od/vicsightseeing/a/ballarat.htm 

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 Richard and Elizabeth had a large family of children. These were: 

Elizabeth Agnes Whatmore was born in 1865 at Kingston. She married John Barnes in 1891 in Kingston. They had two children – Thomas lean Barnes born 1892 at Richmond and Arthur William Barnes born 1894 in Richmond. Elizabeth Agnes  died on 17 August 1914 at Cresswick in the state of Victoria. 

Hannah Blanche Whatmore was born in 1867 at Kingston. She married James Benjamin Charles Balfour in 1892 at Ballarat. They had fourteen children all born in Ballarat.  These were – Elsie Agnes 1893, Jessie Selina 1893, Ruby Irene 1896, Ivy Blanche 1898, Alexander Duncan 1900,  Ella Robina 1903, Donald Richard 1906, Henry 1907, Alan Kenneth 1907, Alexander James Edward 1910, Elsie Margaret Blanche 1912,   Lilian May 1914, Charles Ernest 1916 and George William 1917.   Hannah Blanche died on 12 May 1946 at Ballarat. 

Minnie Ann Whatmore was born in 1870 at Kingston. She married James Edward Clarke in 1889 at Smeaton. James Edward Clarke was Minnie’s cousin. He was the son of Elizabeth Whatmore who was the daughter of Thomas Whatmore and Ann nee Fisher.  Minnie Ann and James Edward Clarke had twelve children -  William Edward Wesley Clarke 1889 and killed on 14 August 1916 in France, Percy Charles Clarke 1891 and killed 24 July 1916 in France, Martha Ann Clarke 1892, Mabel Blanche Clarke 1894, Alfred Roland Clarke 1896, Adrian Andrew Clarke 1899, Aubrey Caleb Clarke 1901, Loftus James Clarke 1904, Ralph Walter Clarke 1906, Sophie Sappaira Clarke 1908, Harriet Minnie Owen Clarke 1911 and Daisy Elizabeth Clarke 1914. The family lived at Mole Creek, Tasmania where James Edward Clarke was a farmer. James Edward Clarke died in 1936 at Latrobe, Tasmania.  Minnie Ann died on 11 June 1961 at Mole Creek, Tasmania. 

Edward William Whatmore was born in 1870 in Kingston. He married Margaret Ellen Jones in 1913 in Smeaton. They had one child born in 1915. Edward William died in 1940 in Cresswick. 

Martha Edith Whatmore was born in 1872 in Kingston. She married Robert George Fry in 1899 at Ballarat in the state of Victoria. Their children were all born in Collingwood – Viola Edith 1898, Elizabeth Agnes 1899, Winifred, and Minnie 1901. Martha Edith died in 1952 at Fitzroy, a suburb of Melbourne. 

John Thomas Whatmore was born in 1874 in Kingston. Records show that between 1928 and 1936 he was at Emu Bay, Burnie, Tasmania.  He died on 8 August 1965 at Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.

Charles Richard Whatmore was born in 1877 in Kingston.. He married Isabella Yelland in 1895. Their children were Charles Vincent 1914, Clarice Winifred 1916, Floris Daphine 1916, Edwin John, Ruby Irene, and Violet May. Charles Richard died on 8 July 1965 at Ballarat.

 Frederick George Whatmore was born in 1878 at Smeaton. He married Bertha Florence Yelland in 1911 at Smeaton. Their children were Agnes, Florence, Phyllis, Ruth, an unknown child, William, Wilma May, Catherine Elizabeth, Richard Albert, Fredrick Thomas, Alfred, Harry, Ernest James, and Norman Linton. It would appear that Frederick George and Bertha were divorced at some stage since the records show that later on Frederick George married an Eleanor Crosby. Frederick George Whatmore died in 1963 at Bendigo in the state of Victoria. 

Bessie Marion Whatmore was born in 1881 in Kingston, Victoria. She had two children - Marion Whatmore born in 1911 and David Whatmore born 1920 and who died the same year. Bessie Marion never married. She died on 30 March 1968 at Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

Alfred Wesley Whatmore was born in 1883 in Smeaton. He married Lucinda Harriet Kay  in 1910 at Smeaton. Their children were Alfred Richard Whatmore and Leonard Wesley Whatmore. Alfred Wesley Whatmore died in 4 March 1965 at Bendigo.  

Harry H Whatmore was born in 1886 in Smeaton. He married Bridget Duggan. Their children were Harry Ernest Richard Whatmore, Eira May Hannah Whatmore, and Eric Paul Laurence Whatmore. Harry H Whatmore died on 7 June 1975 at Ballarat. 

Walter Clyde Felix Whatmore was born in on 15 February 1891 in Smeaton. He was a tall slim man, 5 foot 8 eight inches high, and had brown eyes. Walter enlisted in the Royal Australian Navy in 1912 and served until 1919 fighting in the First World War. In 1917 he became a deep sea diver. He married Agnes Augusta Davies in 1915 at Footscray in the state of Victoria. Their children were Edwin Walter 1916, Alice Agnes 1918, Mavis Elizabeth Emily 1919, Rose Edith 1921, Richard Benjamin 1922, Beryl 1928, and Joyce Violet 1930. Agnes Augusta died in 1937 and Walter Clyde Felix Whatmore remarried to Martha Lake Smith. After the First World War, Walter worked in the Suggar Refinery at Yarraville. Walter Clyde Felix Whatmore  died on 26 September 1971 at Parkville in the state of Victoria. 

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 Walter Clyde Felix Whatmore     Click to enlarge

Elizabeth Whatmore born in 1832 at Mortlake

 Elizabeth was the daughter of Thomas Whatmore and Ann nee Fisher. It seems likely that she accompanied her parents on the voyage to Tasmania. She married James Clarke in 1856 at Launceston, Tasmania. Elizabeth and James had four children: William Henry Clarke 1857, Elizabeth Clarke 1858, James Edward Clarke 1861 (who married his cousin Minnie Ann Whatmore), and Thomas Clark. James Clarke died in 1864 at Mole Creek, Tasmania and Elizabeth remarried to Andrew Richard Willcox in 1867. Elizabeth and Andrew had six children – Ethel Ann 1865, Andrew Richard 1867, Wesley 1869, Arthur George 1871, Martha Marion 1873 and Ernest Arthur 1875. Elizabeth died on 4 August 1915 at Mole Creek, Tasmania. 

So we reach the end of this brief account of the Whatmores of Mortake and their descendents in the southern hemisphere. They must have many descendants currently living in Australia and hopefully some of

This is a fictionalised account of a real visit to Shropshire during the First World War.

It was March 1916 and the war which had started in 1914 and was ‘sure to be over by Christmas’ continued unabated and the news from the various fronts seemed to get worse every day.

Polly Whatmore looked across anxiously across at her husband Noah. Thank goodness he had not been tempted to volunteer. He’d been 38 when war broke out, however and with three young children and a wife to support he’d not been in a position to offer his services. Half the young lads in Hoyland had gone, however, and Polly doubted whether many of them would return.

They had managed alright up until six months ago, Noah working as a blacksmith’s striker. The pay wasn’t marvellous, but it was sufficient and the rent on their four roomed cottage at 30 Brook Street wasn’t bad. Then Noah had fallen ill. It had started as a bad chill and had developed into pneumonia. It had happened because Noah,who was a prize swimmer, had spotted a young girl struggling in the waters of nearby Elsecar Reservoir. Without hestitation he had plunged in and dragged her to shore, saving her life. Although he had been a local hero at the time, the water had been bitterly cold and Noah had quickly become ill. Too ill to work at the smithy. Times were hard and after some three weeks the Blacksmith had come round, cap in hand, very apologetic like and said that he would have to lay Noah off it he wasn’t better soon, but  it had been ten weeks before Noah was in any state to do anything. What a mercy the new sickness benefit was, which Lloyd George had introduced a few years before the War. That, together with the contribution made by their lodger, and the little that Polly was able to earn by taking in washing, was just enabling them to manage. Their lodger was William O’Brien from the family Polly’s parents lived next to in Mountain Street, Attercliffe. His sister Phoebe had married Polly’s brother William Dyson in 1906.

Shouting and laughter from the backyard gave to clue to where Hesse and Margaret had got to, whilst’s Polly’s third child Eric, just turned two years old, was curled up in a chair in front of the fire.

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 Eric Whatmore in 1917    Copyright: Rhys Whatmore

Noah’s father had died suddenly the previous year and they had had a struggle to persuade his widow, Esther, to move from Mountain Street to a smaller house in Uttley Sreet. Polly wasn’t over fond of Esther. When Polly had suffered the birth of a stillborn child in 1908, Esther had not been overly sympathetic. She seemed to think it was just part of life and that Polly should pull herself together quickly. Esther had had a total of twelve children and two of these had died in infancy and perhaps she felt that Polly should just get on with things as she had had to do, but Polly still resented the lack of understanding that Esther had shown at the time. Esther was in any case becoming a liability with her fondness for the bottle. It was probably that which had driven Noah’s youngest brother Harry to seek refuge in the army at an early age.

In the last few weeks, Noah had tried hard to get another job, but despite the number of young men away at the War, his age was against him and he had found nothing locally. There were the mines, but no way was Polly going to let Noah wreck his health working underground. She had seen the effect of that on her father George Dyson.

There was a sudden knock at the door and Polly got up to open it. On the step the postman dug into his bag and produced a letter.

‘Who’s it from?’ asked Noah, when Polly had again sat down by the fire.

‘It looks like Emily’s writing,’ said Polly, ‘And it’s got a Bridgnorth postmark.’

Noah took the letter and opened it. He read out the contents to his wife. After the usual enquiries about their health, the letter went on to say:

‘Charlie could do with some help down here at the Smithy in Morville. Why don’t you bring the family down here for a while. We’ve plenty of room – the children have all left home. Some country air would be good for all of you, especially Noah. Think about it and let me know as soon as you can.’

Emily was Noah’s aunt. Noah’s father Joseph had been illegitimate – nobody knew who his father had been, but his mother Sarah Whatmore, a year or two after Joseph’s birth, had married Benjamin Vale. Benjamin and Sarah had had a large family and Emily was the second eldest child.

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The Whatmore Family in about 1920     Copyright: Rhys Whatmore

Emily had had a hard life. When she was in her late teens she had fallen in love with John William Aldridge who worked as a groom in the village of Bobbington on the Shropshire/Staffordshire border where she was living with her parents. They became engaged but then an illegitimate child, William Aldridge, was born. The John William broke his promises to Emily and made off leaving Emily and her parents to bring up the child. A few years later, however, Emily met and fell in love with William Barratt and they were married at Claverley in Shropshire in 1873. William and Emily had  two beautiful sons, Benjamin and Joseph. Tragedy then struck. Within three years of the marriage William Barrett  died so suddenly that there had had to be a Coroner’s Inquest. It seemed that William had had a massive heart attack. Left with no income and three young children to support, Emily  gratefully accepted the hand of Charlie Wilson whom she  married in 1876. Charlie was a blacksmith and he  had assisted at several local forges  until about 1906 he managed to acquire a forge at Morville. The forge had prospered and in 1908 they had  a new house, Smythy Cottage, built for them on the edge of the village. Although Emily had remarried out of economic necessity she had  quickly learned to love and esteem her new husband.

‘Well what do you think?’ said Noah at last, passing the letter to Polly to read. When Polly had read through the letter she looked at Noah and said, ‘What’s this Emily like?  ‘Very like you,’ replied Noah. ‘She’s strong, hard-working, but very affectionate and sweet.’ Polly smiled and laughed. She had never met any of the Shropshire members of the family. Noah knew most of them, but it was  a long time since he had been down there. The last time had been in December 1903 for the funeral at Astley Abbots of his step grandfather Ben Vale. Most of Ben’s surviving children had been there, Emily Wilson from Morville, Ann Wassall from Darlaston, Lizzie Humphries and Harriet Humphries from Broseley (they had married two brothers) and others.

‘I think it would be a good idea,’ said Polly, passing the letter back to Noah. ‘We’ll have to make the arrangements quickly.’ said Noah. ‘Charlie need help at the forge as soon as possible. What about the lodger and the house?’ ‘Mrs Hodgson opposite is looking out for a new lodger,’ said Polly. ‘Will won’t mind and Mary Hodgson is  much better than me at cooking. We only need to give a fortnight’s notice on the house to the landlord. About the furniture – Sarah and John Makrill at Wright’s Farm have a disused barn they would let us use. Let’s go and see what the children think.’

Eric was, of course, too young to be consulted, but Hesse aged 7 and Margaret aged 4 would have views. Calling them in from the yard, Polly asked if they would like to go and live in Shropshire for a time. Following a barrage of questions about what and how and when, the two girls made plain their enthusiasm and excitement.

The following day, Polly sent a letter off to Emily and Charlie at Morville, and started making the necessary arrangements. All went smoothly and the following day she went down to Attercliffe to tell her parents. George and Rebecca Dyson were still at the old house in Mountain Street in Attercliffe. All but one of their children had fled the nest. Only Alice remained at home. Rebecca was quite upset at the thought that Polly would be living over a hundred miles away, but both she and her husband agreed that the plan made sense. Rebecca offered to go down town and get the train tickets as soon as a date had been arranged.

The light was beginning to fade and George stood up and put a match to the wick of the huge oil lamp hanging from the ceiling. Strangely out of place in the small cottage, the oil lamp with its cut glass starburst panes was George’s proudest possession. Together with an old chest it was all that remained from the fine house which George’s parents had lived in on Wright’s Hill off London Road. George never wearied of telling visitors how he had been cheated out of his inheritance when he had been orphaned at the age of ten.

Polly stood up and got ready to go, arranging to meet her parents at the station on the day of the move.

Time passed very quickly with all the arrangements to make for the move and only too soon the day from the journey to Shropshire arrived. Leaving the house very early in the morning the Whatmore family travelled in a carrier’s cart the few miles down to Chapeltown station where they were able to get a train to the city centre. As they stepped out onto the platform in Sheffield, George and Rebecca were waiting to meet them. Rebecca had packed a basket with food and drink for them. There was little time to spare as the Whatmores boarded a train for Manchester, their first step. With tears running down her face Rebecca hugged each of the family in turn and she and George said their farewells.

The first leg of the journey was familiar to both Noah and Polly as she had been a servant in Manchester for several years prior to her marriage, but it was all new to the children who gazed out in wonder at the bleak Pennine moors. At Manchester they transferred to a train for Crewe. Settling back on to the hard wooden seats of their third class carriage, they watched the hills give way to flatter country as they approached their next stop. From Crewe they took a train to Shrewsbury where they had an hours’ break and sitting in the waiting room shared the contents of Rebecca’s basket. The next leg of the journey was via the Severn Valley narrow gauge  railway which chugged its slow way through small villages and then down the spectacular Severn Gorge. Unfortunately there was little to see now in the fading light. It was dark when at last they left train at Bridgnorth. A big, burly, strong man came rushing up to greet them and take their trunks. This was Charlie Wilson who grinned as he shook hands with Noah and Polly and kissed each of the children. Down in the yard his horse and cart were waiting to take the family the three miles to the smithy at Morville.

The following morning, Hesse and Margaret were wakened by the sun shining through their bedroom window. Jumping out of bed they rushed over to the window and looked out. A vista of fields and trees met their gaze with a low wooded ridge in the distance. It was all so different from the soot encrusted cottages and slag heaps that they were familiar with at Hoyland. Still in their nightclothes they dashed down the stairs into the kitchen. Polly was busy making breakfast with Emily and they both lifted up and kissed the girls. Noah was over in the smithy with Charlie. Noah had insisted on starting work at once, but Charlie wouldn’t hear of it. ‘Take a day or two to rest after that long journey,’ he said, and Noah had to agree reluctantly. A few minutes later Charlie and Noah came in for breakfast and Polly went upstairs to fetch Eric. They all enjoyed a delicious breakfast of bacon and fresh eggs with newly baked bread. ‘When we’ve fed the chickens and the pigs, we’ll go into the village and  I’ll show you around,’ said Emily.

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 Eric Whatmore outside Smythy Cottage at Morville in the 1970s   Copyright: Rhys Whatmore    Click to enlarge

The children enjoyed throwing handfuls of corn to the chickens, but they were a bit wary of the pigs which seemed so strong and noisy. When they were all kitted out ready for a walk, the Whatmore family strolled down the lane with Emily, leaving Charlie hard at work in the smithy. The village was only a little place strung out along the road between Shrewsbury and Bridgnorth. Emily took them down the drive to Morville Hall so that they  could see the elegant house with its twin pavilions which had been remodelled in Georgian times. Opposite the Hall in a meadow stood the ancient church parts of which were the remains of a monastry which had once existed there. Returning to the main road, Emily showed them the post office and village shop and the Acton Arms where the locals went for a pint. Then, strolling up the hill towards Bridgnorth she showed them an ancient half-timbered house situated on the right below the road. ‘That’s the old smithy where Charlie used to work. It belonged to the Browns – a brother and sister who never married. We lived there for quite a while and then Charlie got charge of a smithy at Linley a few miles away. When the Browns eventually gave up the Smithy they were both in their eighties and we  decided to come back and establish a new forge on the other side of the village.’

 

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 Morville Hall       Source: ‘County Seats of Shropshire’ by Francis Leach   Published by Eddows’s Shrewsbury Journal Office 1891

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Back at the cottage, lunch was a simple affair of bread and cheese. The main meal would be supper at six o’clock. Emily was excited because her recently married daughter Edith was coming to see them  with her new husband  Henry Edwin Jones. They lived at Quatt just south of Bridgnorth. About five o’clock they arrived and were introduced to the Whatmores. Edith made a great fuss of the girls and immediately fell in love with little Eric. By the time supper was ready they were all chatting like old friends. Emily called everyone into the kitchen and served up a delicious stew with apple pie and cream to follow. The adults stayed up chatting long after the children had gone to bed but eventually Edith and Henry set off  home in their horse and cart.

On the first Sunday the Whatmores were at Morville, they went with the Wilsons to the morning service at the nearby church. As they entered, Hesse and Margaret dashed up the aisle hoping to get the pews at the front. Emily beckoned them back saying, ‘Those are reserved for the gentry. We sit much further back’. The families settled into pews towards the rear of the church and about ten minutes before the service was due to begin the gentry arrived from Aldenham Hall and Morville Hall and sat at the front. Their servants filed in behind them and sat at the back of the church. Hesse and Margaret were amazed by the church. It was very different from the brick-built Victorian church they went to at Hoyland. Polly Whatmore felt that the furnishings indicated that it was ‘High Church’ which she unused to – but  she didn’t really mind. The sermon, thankfully, was brief and to the point, unlike the lengthy ‘hell-fire’ sermons which they often had to suffer at home. In the prayers, the vicar asked them to remember all the brave local men who had given their lives for their country, and called out the names of those who were still out there fighting, asking that they might be allowed to return home unhurt. The names included four of Emily and Charlie’s children – Charles Henry, George, John Abel and Frank Herbert as well as Jack Vale, Emily’s brother. Polly Whatmore said a silent prayer for the safety of her brother William Dyson and for Noah’s brother Harry. One curious thing occurred. The vicar had just ascended into the pulpit, opened his bible and shuffled his notes when he looked his watch. There was complete silence for several minutes and then the church clock started to strike eleven. As soon as the clock had stopped striking, the vicar read the opening text of the sermon and all proceeded as normal. Polly asked Emily about this afterwards and Emily explained that there was an old Shropshire superstition that if the church clock struck whilst the vicar was giving out the opening text of his sermon, someone locally would die within the week. It all seemed to Polly a very long way from the hard- headed mining folk of Hoyland.

Noah had started work at the forge two days after the family had arrived in Morville. He got on well with Charlie and there was plenty of work for two of them – shoeing horses, putting new iron rims on cart wheels and repairing broken farm implements. Polly helped Emily around the house and  Emily was particularly grateful for Polly’s help with the weekly wash which involved lighting a fire under the copper boiler in an outhouse, filling the copper with water, inserting the clothes and prodding them with wooden stakes, removing the wet clothes, putting them through a mangle and then hanging them out to dry. It took all day to complete the wash - from early morning until suppertime.

Life at Morville was not all work however. There were trips over to Broseley to see Emily’s sisters Lizzie and Harriet, down to Quatt to see Edith and into Bridgnorth to visit the market with its stalls of fresh fruit, vegetables and farm produce. There were no shops of any size in the town – unlike Sheffield which boasted three department stores on several floors, but Polly didn’t miss these. She had rarely had any spare cash for luxuries. The children were taken for a ride on the cliff railway from the Low Town up to the High Town. Under each of the two carriages was a huge tank which was filled with water to act as ballast. It was twopence to go up but only a penny to come down.  This was because more ballast was needed for the ascent than the descent. The girl in the bottom office would press a bell the same number of times as the passengers waiting to ascend, and the driver would adjust the amount of ballast accordingly.

Coming back from Bridgnorth on one occasion Emily pointed out to Polly a very large rambling Tudor house a mile or two out of the town. This was Tasley Hall and belonged to Sir John Buxton and his wife Lady Adelaide Buxton. They attended church regularly at Morville but were away at present on a European tour. They were down to earth folk and often chatted to the Wilsons after church. The Buxtons had no children and so the house and estate would eventually go to very distant cousin.

One Friday night, Charlie announced that there would be a special outing the following day. They were all going to go via the Severn Valley railway to visit cousins at Arley down the Severn. Soon after breakfast, the Wilsons and the Whatmores set off for Bridgnorth by horse and cart where they caught the train. The first stop was Hampton Loade where Edith and  Henry were waiting on the platform to join the party. Noah tried to explain that this was where his father had lived, but with all the greetings that were going on, no one really heard him. The train continued along the river and stopped at Highley and a few minutes later arrived at Arley where the party left the train. Leading the way down to the river, Charlie explained that the village was on the other side. On the bank, attached to a post was a large bell which Charlie rang three times. At once, the ferry started to move across from the other bank. It was quite a large boat  but Charlie told everyone that in the summer, when the river was low, a punt was used instead.

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 John Thomas Whatmore on the summer-time ferry at Arley  Copyright: Thomas Whatmore

 As the boat reached the bank, the ferryman jumped ashore and Charlie introduced him as John Thomas Whatmore, second cousin to Noah. John Thomas grinned and shook hands with everyone and then they all boarded the ferry for the short crossing. Polly told him how much they had enjoyed the train journey and said how pretty Arley station looked with all the flowers in hanging baskets and tubs, but John Thomas merely sniffed and his jaw stiffened. Later, Emily explained that John Thomas’s eldest brother Samuel had worked at Arley station and that he had been killed by a train when he was twenty back in 1881. He had been sent on to the line at night to extinguish an oil lamp at a time when a train was due to arrive. At the inquest no blame had been attached to the Station Master, but there had been angry letters in the ‘Kidderminster Shuttle’  and John Thomas held the senior staff at the station directly responsible for his brother’s death.

As they all arrived at the other bank, Thomas, John Thomas’s oldest son ran up to meet them and to show them the way to the house. It wasn’t far to the attractive looking building which stood close to the river with a long shady garden down to the bank. Emily, John Thomas’s wife was at the gate to meet them accompanied by numerous children. Polly wondered how they managed to fit them all into the house. Emily Whatmore invited everyone to have a seat in the garden whilst she got lunch ready, but the men helped set up trestle tables and the women fetched the food. When all was ready, one of the children ran down to the landing stage to call John Thomas for his lunch.

What a spread there was! There were plates of ham and beef and every kind of salad you could imagine and huge jam tarts with a jug of cream. The meal took some time as there was so much to talk about but at last everyone had had their fill, and the women attended to the washing up whilst the men dismantled the tables and took the chairs back into the cottage. John Thomas returned to his duties at the ferry.

When everything had been put away and the washing up had been done, Emily Whatmore invited her guests to walk over to see another relative -Samuel Whatmore at Nash End. She led the party down to the landing stage and then up the hill towards the church. Walking through the churchyard, the party went through a gate into a large area of parkland. Close at hand were the towers and battlements of a large mansion. Emily Whatmore explained that this was Arley Hall and that the owners were more than happy to let villagers wander round the gardens and grounds. There were many trees, some of them rare and exotic species from abroad. It was a beautiful spot. Glittering in the sun in the distance the river could just be seen whilst on the horizon was the sharp outline of the Titterstone Clee Hill. Leaving the castle grounds the party walked for about a mile along a lane until they reaching a small group of cottages. The most beautiful woman Polly had ever seen was hanging up washing in the garden of one of the cottages. Emily Whatmore shouted a greeting and the woman came down to meet everyone. This was Lizzie Whatmore who lived with her widowed father Samuel and her unmarried brother Samuel Joseph Whatmore. Lizzie’s  mother Catherine had died in 1904 and Lizzie had returned home to look after her father and brother. Lizzie had been 37 when she returned home and she probably realised that she would never now get a chance to be married, but her nature was generous and unselfish and she was in any case thankful to escape life as a servant.

Lizzie called her father Samuel out to greet everyone. Samuel had been first cousin to Noah’s father Joseph Whatmore. Now in his mid seventies he was still strong and fit and he was soon answering all Noah’s questions about the Whatmore family. Lizzie ushered everyone into the kitchen of the small cottage and made tea. There seemed to be no water supply  laid on and when Polly asked about this, Lizzie told her that they had a well in the garden. Living so far from the main village the cottage was not connected to any services. Polly had thought that the houses in Hoyland had few facilities but they were up to the minute compared to this cottage. The visitors didn’t stay long as they had called without warning, but Samuel and Lizzie were really pleased that they had come to see them.

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Lizzie Whatmore with her father Samuel Whatmore and two of his grandchildren  Copyright: Thomas William Whatmore  Click to enlarge

The walk back to the village was all downhill so it didn’t seem to take very long. Back at Emily Whatmore’s house they all had tea and cake before making their way down to the ferry. When they arrived back at Morville everyone was very tired but it was agreed that it had been a wonderful day.

One Sunday a couple who looked to be in their mid-forties whom Polly had not seen before attended church. Emily whispered to Polly that they were Sir John Buxton and his wife from Tasley Hall. After the service they came up to the Wilsons and were introduced to the Whatmores. Lady Buxton made a great fuss of the children and told Polly how much she wished they had a child of their own.

A few days later, a carriage arrived at Smithy Cottage and Lady Buxton and a servant stepped out. Emily rushed around the house tiding up whilst Polly made tea in the kitchen. Polly was very impressed with Lady Buxton who insisted that she be called ‘Addy’. She chatted to Polly without a trace of condescension and wanted to know all about life in Hoyland. She had brought some sweets for the children and got them to show her round the garden. It soon became clear that Addy had fallen in love with Eric. Polly thought it was tragic that Addy had not been able to have children of her own. Thereafter Addy called at Smythy Cottage at least once a week. Then one evening she arrived unexpectedly together with her husband. They asked to see Noah and Polly in private and came out at once with the purpose of their visit. They wanted to adopt Eric as their son and bring him up at Tasley where in due course he would inherit the house, estate and title. Whilst sympathetic to their need for an heir, and conscious of Addy’s clear affection for Eric, Polly and Noah were adamant that they could not give him up. They realised that they were rejecting the chance for their son to lead a wealthy and leisured life, and felt that perhaps they were being selfish but they loved all their children far too much to give any of them up to anyone else. Addy and her husband were of course disappointed but they said that they fully understood. Addy continued to make regular visits, but the question of adoption was never raised again. In after years Polly wondered what life would have been like for Eric if she and Noah had let the Buxtons adopt him, but she was sure in her heart that they had made the right decision.

Time seemed to pass very quickly at Morville.  The Whatmores had been there over a year and had began to wonder whether they should perhaps settle there and rent a cottage of their own when two letters arrived which changed the situation. The first was a letter for Polly from her father George Dyson. Polly’s mother Rebecca had been taken seriously ill. George had written asking if Polly could return to Sheffield at once. Polly was, of course, very upset and Noah agreed without hesitation that she should return to Sheffield the following day. He wanted to accompany her but Polly insisted that she would be fine on her own. Over the next couple of weeks Polly wrote regularly and it seemed that Rebecca was out of danger and slowly getting better. In one of her letters she mentioned that the Cyclops Steel Works in Attercliffe were taking on new workers.

The second letter, which arrived three weeks after George’s letter to Polly was in a War Office envelope and was addressed to Charlie and Emily. As she opened it, Emily turned white fearing the worst as she had four sons away at the War. To her enormous relief it stated that their son John was being invalided out of the army with a broken leg and that he would be arriving home shortly. Charlie and Emily were now in some difficulties. With John back home there would not be enough room for everyone, and as John’s leg healed he would expect to return to working with his father in the Smithy. Noah at once realised this and he decided that it was time for the Whatmores to move on. He wrote to Polly and suggested that they should return to Sheffield and asked if she could visit the Cyclops Works on his behalf.

In Polly’s next letter was the news that there would be a job available for Noah at the Cyclops Works and that she had found a house which they could rent in Margate Street in nearby Grimesthorpe. Noah told Charlie and Emily what Polly had written and they were clearly torn between wanting the Whatmores to stay on and their need to provide accommodation and work for their son.

So a few weeks later, Noah and his children started on the long journey back to Sheffield. They were all sad to be leaving Morville and Emily was in tears as she and Charlie said farewell.

It had been a wonderful year in Shropshire and it was an experience the family would look back on with pleasure in after years. As Eric grew up, his sisters told him all the details and when he was old enough Polly told him about the Buxton family of Tasley and their offer to adopt him. All in all, however, the family came to the conclusion that they belonged in Sheffield where all their close relatives lived and where everything was familiar, but for the rest of their lives Morville had a special place in their hearts.

The facts on which this story is based are quite sparse. Noah was out of work in the First World War and did take his family to Morville where they lived with Emily and Charlie, and a Lady from one of the big houses locally did want to adopt Eric. Beyond that everything in the story is speculation.

 Why Noah should have been out of work is a mystery, but he did save a woman from drowning at Elsecar and this provided a reason for an illness which led to unemployment. In fact the Whatmores had probably left Hoyland for Sheffield by 1916, but some poetic licence must be allowed.  

Smythy Cottage still exists and Charlie and Emily Wilson were certainly there by 1911. They had previously lived at the Old Smithy, as described in the story. 

I doubt whether either the Whatmores or the Wilsons were aware of the relatives at Arley, but the visit there seemed to make a nice story. 

Samuel Whatmore of Arley, John Thomas’s brother was killed by a train at Arley station and a crical letter was published in the ‘Kidderminster Shuttle’ 

Edith Wilson did marry Henry Jones and was indeed very fond of Eric. 

Almost all the characters in the story are real apart from the Buxton family and there is no Tasley Hall. I have no idea who the lady from the big house was. She may have been from Aldenham Hall or Morville Hall or from somewhere a bit further away. She certainly existed and wanted to adopt Eric. 

The superstition about the church clock striking did exist though I doubt whether a vicar would have taken any notice of it as later as 1916. 

Why the Whatmores returned to Sheffield is unclear. Perhaps they had never intended to settle in Shropshire. I have invented reasons for their return. The Cyclops Works existed until recently but I have no evidence that Noah ever worked there. In 1911, at Hoyland, he was a Blacksmith’s striker. 

Of the Wilson sons who went to War, two – John Abel and Frank Ernest returned safely, but  I do not know what happened to Charles Henry or George. Jack Vale, Emily’s brother, returned home safely. Polly’s brother William was left for dead on the battlefield in 1918 following a gas attack by the Germans. He was discovered and revived by the Germans, and taken to a prisoner of war camp at Sprottau in Silesia (now part of Poland). William’s health never recovered form his experiences and he died in 1924. Harry Whatmore, Noah’s brother returned home safely but died following a accident at the Ireland Colliery near Chesterfield in 1937. Only one of the Arley Whatmores was killed in the War. This was Matthew Whatmore, Samuel’s son. Matthew was killed in a shell explosion in 1917 near Arras in France. 

The Whatmores and the Wilsons remained in contact for many years, and Noah and his family made at least one visit to Morville in the 1930s. After the death of Polly Whatmore in 1936 and the deaths of Emily and Charlie Wilson a few years later the contacts were gradually broken. In the early 1970s, however, Eric Whatmore made a return visit to the Bridgnorth area and was able to track down Edith Jones, nee Wilson at Quatt, who was overjoyed to see him again after so many years. In about 2004 I managed to trace one of Edith’s sons at Quatt and paid a visit, receiving a warm welcome. With the aid of the internet I have also been  able to trace and contact descendants of Emily’s sister Lizzie. Living as I now do in Shropshire, I make regular visits to Bridgnorth and as I pass through Morville on the way I always think of the special place which it still has in the thoughts and feelings of Noah and Polly’s descendants. 

Information about Morville Hall can be found at this link:   

http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-morvillehall

and about the Dower House Gardens at Morville at this link:

http://www.shropshiretourism.co.uk/attractiondetails.php?estid=1444

The Severn Valley Railway (which now runs only between Bridgnorth and Kidderminster) is described at this link:

http://www.svr.co.uk/

Arley castle was demolished in the 1960s but the arboretum is open to visitors and is described at this link:

http://www.arley-arboretum.org.uk/indexa.php

The life of Eric Whatmore, my father, has been described in an earlier post which can be found by typing his name into Google.

 I am most grateful to Sandy Bullimore of Shrewsbury for proofreading this post and for suggested some minor changes to the text.

A few days ago I came across some photographs of Watmough graves at Caistor which had been placed on the net by Linda Mason of the Grimsby Family History Group. Linda Mason has generously given me permission to reproduce these pictures on this blog. Please note that Linda possesses the copyright for these pictures and that they should not be reproduced further without her permission. 

Caistor is in Lincolnshire, about 23 miles to the north north east of Lincoln. It was the site of a Roman fort – hence its name. It was known to the British, prior to the Saxon advent, as Caer Egarry and to the Saxons as Thong Ceastre. In the middle of the nineteenth century chairs of elm and ash were manufactured in the town.

Some pictures of Caistor can be found at this link:

http://www.aboutbritain.com/towns/caistor.asp

  

An extract ftom Pigot’s Directory for 1928 can be viewed at this link:

http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LIN/Caistor/caistor_1828_directory.html

Pictures of the church taken by Ron cole can be seen at this link;

http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LIN/Caistor/

As far as I can determine the earliest member of the Watmough family to settle at Caistor was Thomas Whatmore who was born about 1750 at Redbourne in Lincolnshire. Thomas’s parents were Thomas Watmough born 1728 at Fledborough in Nottinghamshire and his wife Sarah nee Revel. Thomas senior’s line can be traced back to the early Watmough family at Tuxford, Nottinghamshire. There seems no reason to doubt that the Tuxford Watmoughs themselves were direct descendants of the earlier Watmoughs of Lancashire and Yorkshire.

 Grave of Thomas Watmough and his wife Frances.  

Inscription: In Memory of Thomas Watmough and Francis his wife, the former died 13 March 1827, the latter died 30 July 1830

  thomas.jpg

The grave of Thomas and his wife Francis is the oldest of the Watmough graves at Caistor. This is the Thomas who seems to have been the first of the family to settle at Caistor. His wife was Francis Skelton who was born about 1757 at Severton in Northamptonshire. Thomas and Francis married on 27 February 1777 at South Leverton in Nottinghamshire. All their definite children were baptised at Caistor. These were:

Sarah Watmough baptised 27 January 1778. She was buried on 3 December 1846 at Caistor.

William Watmough baptised 6 March 1780. He married Sarah Kirby on 19 October 1801 at Caistor.

Mary Watmough baptised on 29 October 1782 and buried at on Caistor 9 November 1782.

Charles Watmough baptised on 22 November 1783. He married Elizabeth Hill at Caistor in 1803. Charles and Elizabeth had thirteen known children, all baptised at Caistor. Charles died at Caistor on 14 October 1833 and Elizabeth died there on 20 October 1834.

Thomas Richard Watmough was baptised on 28 June 1784 at Redbourne so he may have belonged to a different family – although his parents were a Thomas and a Frances. He married Eunice Cook. The eleven known children of Thomas and Eunice were all baptised at Redbourne.

Frances Watmough baptised 15 March 1787 and buried 23 March 1787 at Caistor.

John Watmough baptised 2 April 1790. He married Maria Waller on 17 July 1822 at Caistor. John and Maria had two known children.

Grave of Louisa Watmough

Inscription: Sacred to the memory of Louisa the wife of Charles Watmough who died 29 April 1841 aged 28 years. Also Elizabeth and Sarah, daughters of the above who died in their infancy.

louisa.jpg

 Louisa Watmough was  baptised at Grimsby on 27 September 1815 – the daughter of William Watmough born 1780 and his wife Sarah Kirby. She was the granddaughter of Thomas Watmough – the first member of the family to settle at Caistor. She married her cousin Charles Watmough  (see below). Charles and Louisa had three known children – Henry, Elizabeth and Sarah. The two girls were both baptised in 1841 a few days before Louisa died  and it seems likely that they were twins and that Louisa died on 19 April 1841 at the age of 28 as a result of the birth.  The two daughters did not survive – one dying a few days before her mother and the other a few days afterwards. Their names are recorded on their mother’s gravestone.

   Grave of Charles Watmough 

Inscription: Affectionate remembrance of Charles Watmough who died 14 December 1876. ‘His end valiant’. 

charles.jpg

Charles Watmough was baptised on 8 March 1810 at Waddingham. He was the son of John Watmough born 1782 at Rebourne and his wife Appy Cocking. One of John and Appy’s descendants was Archibald Laing Watmough who was killed in the First World War and who was the subject of an earlier post. Charles married his cousin Louisa Watmough (see above). After she died  in 1841 Charles does not appear to have remarried. He remained at Caistor for the rest of life working as a blacksmith and looked after by his sister Ann. He died on 17 December 1876 at Caistor. Charles’ surviving child, Henry Watmough, born about 1840 at Caistor, moved to Hull and married Betsey Jane Burnett in 1873. In 1881 they were at the King William Hotel at Hull where Henry was Licensed Victualler. In 1891 they were at Sculcoates where Henry was a Tailor and Draper’s Traveller. They had no children.

Grave of Betsey Watmough

  Inscription: In memory of Betsey, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Watmough who died 26 March 1856 aged 7 years 

betsey.jpg

Betsey Watmough was born at Caistor about 1849. Her parents were Jonathan Watmough, born 1810 at Caistor and his wife Mary. In 1851 Betsey was at home in Caistor with her parents. Betsey died at Caistor at the age of 7 on 26 March 1856.

Grave of Jonathan Watmough

 Inscription: In affectionate remembrance of Jonathan Watmough who died 16 August 1865 aged 54 years

jonathan.jpg

 Jonathan Watmough was baptised at Caistor on 17 September 1810. His parents were Charles Watmough born 1783 at Caistor and his wife Elizabeth Hill. Jonathan married a Mary and they had four known children – Jonathan born 1839, Sarah born 1841, Betsey born 1849 (see above) and Helen born 1858. Jonathan was a Master Fuller at Caistor. He died at caistor on 16 August 1865. His son Jonathan went to Grimsby where he was an Officer of H M Customs. Jonathan Junior died in 1895 at Caistor. Jonathan senior’s daughter Sarah went to Gloucester where in 1871 she was the Manager of the Bell Hotel. Sarah died at Gloucester in 1875. 

Grave of Mary Watmough

 Inscription: In affectionate remembrance of Mary, the beloved wife of Jonathan Watmough who departed this life 28 November 1888 aged 75 years 

mary.jpg

Mary was the wife of Jonathan (see above). She was born about 1814 at Atterby in Lincolnshire and died on Caistor on 28 November 1888. 

Grave of William Watmough

Inscription: Sacred to the memory of William Watmough who died the 26 day of June 1837 aged 57
william.jpg

 William Watmough was baptised on 6 March 1780 at Caistor. His parents were Thomas Watmough, the first of the family to settle at Caistor and his wife Francis Skelton. William married Sarah Kirby on 1 October 1801 at Caistor. The first six of their children were born at Grimsby, but the family were in Caistor by 1815 when their daughter Charlotte was baptised there. They had two further children baptised at Caistor. William was buried at Caistor on 26 June 1837.

 

 This a fictional story by Geoffrey Whatmore based on real people. It is set in Shropshire during the Civil War.

Lucy Watmore was worried  and confused,  which  made her irritable. She flounced up the lane with her new flame-red skirt spattered by mud.  A sudden  shower had scattered damson petals like snow flakes on the pathway. 

Ned Smalman, looking down at her from his mare, snooty, self-satisfied, was the last person she wanted to meet,  just because his family had lived in Neenton a few generations longer and  rented more acres.  Maybe he was rather good looking in his  new Royalist  uniform  but he was  a sight too sure of himself.  Royalists all, the Smalmans,  while her father and the rest of her seven brothers and sisters believed it was time ordinary folk had had some say in the government of their land.

“Why, Mistress Lucy, you brighten any day in that lustrous red gown. Too lovely for a Puritan lass”, he offered, cheeky as ever.  Being looked down  upon by Ned Smalman  was insufferable.

“I’ve nothing to say to you Master Ned but this.  The rebels have a good argument, they seek the welfare  of people like us,  like me and my father.  And there are plenty of others who think so, like the Knightleys, rather than those newly-rich snobs the Lacons and Blounts.

So she ignored him and continued on her way.  It was not just Ned.  The Smalmans were high church, probably secret Papists, some of them.  And who knows what dark priests flitted between the great houses?  Lucy’s father William would have none of it.  Her family were plain folk, and proud of it, he insisted, praying to a stern English God, and he had earlier admonished his daughter,

“This may be a May Festival but I am ashamed that a daughter of mine should be so immodest, so provocative, to flaunt such colours in the company of men.”

Father was becoming ever more restrictive of her manners.  Dancing was irreverent, mocking God, even walking on the Clee on a Sunday troubled him.   And in two years of war between neighbours, honest folk could not even agree where their neighbours were leading them. It was best to keep to yourself and say very little.

old-house-neenton.jpg  Click to enlarge

An old house at Neenton which would have been known to Lucy Whatmore and her family. It may even have been their home. Copyright: Rhys Whatmore

The Blounts had raised a regiment for the King, but grand folk like the Devereux, who owned lands at Curdall, held back.  And now Ned Smalman was to go off to  fight  for the King with the Blounts.

As for Lucy, she was not at all sure  whose side she supported.  Most of  her neighbours were Royalists, or pretended to be.  Lucy thought  there was more the King could have done to help his subjects, and perhaps their views, through their representatives in parliament, should be listened to.

But for now,  forcing away all these thoughts,  there was a greater dilemma,  something  she knew and her father did not. Tom, her elder and much adored brother,  had  slipped away in the night to join  a group of rebels raised for Parliament  against the King.  She was fearful for him.

It was the day of the May market at Cleobury and Lucy continued down the track hoping for  a lift.  The trees made a tunnel of green as she walked on, past the bluebell wood at Prescot where she was hailed by Bess Hamon and her children,  a large lady fortunate in the  possession of a pony cart.

“Going to the market, Lucy?  Jump up.  Your father won`t like that shouty  skirt girl.”

Bess was a garrulous matron, a source of the ever-growing gossip fountain which nourished the scattered families.

“Did you hear?  Will Withypoll is back at Curdall from Aldburgh  and causing trouble, as ever.”

“What, he killed a man didn’t he? In a fight, was it? Is he out of prison?”

“He never went to prison.  Pleaded self-defence.  Of course, he had friends among important  people and was pardoned.  Different rules apply for the gentry, Lucy”

Sir William had been a troublesome presence about the town and his house  bordering Curdall for years, though fortunately spending  most of his time on the other side of the country.  A strange violent man, he was  a difficult neighbour for Tom Watmore,  across the fields.

Bess continued, “Everything is changing with the war, we are a town divided.”

And so it was.  Two years ago Uncle Humphrey over at Bewdley had given a musket to aid the royalist cause, while her father believed there was merit in the views of gentry like Leicester Devereux who supported Parliament and many of the traders up at North Bridge agreed with him.

Bess drove on, whipping  two unwilling ponies down the muddy track to the Rea Ford, still talking, and repeating the  tale  of the  Roundhead  attack across the bridge at Bewdley when they had been thrown back by the Royalist garrison there.  Whose side was she on, Lucy wondered?

At  the Chetton junction they encountered young Georgie Crow, supposed to be set  to be  road mending  but he was just lolling  under the hedge bank  “ Don’t be sorry for him” laughed Bess, “ He’s doing a turn for Master Parkes and being well paid for it“..   The road dipped sharply onto Cleobury bridge and up the High Street.

 There the May Market  was not what it was. Still crowded, but subdued,  friends greeting friends uneasily.  Enmities  between neighbours created by the civil strife made them nervous, careful in their words and wary of speaking their thoughts.   Dogs and a few sheep grubbed about the scene.  Gaffer Wyer had brought a litter of piglets which kept escaping from their wicker baskets.

 Lucy jumped down from the cart and moved towards the scattered groups.  Jamie Crump,  the pedlar,  was in his usual place by the church wall, offering  a tray of coloured ribbons among starched white collars.  Enjoying a better trade, was John Hakluyt, not so much from his tracts on holy living as a book of  faraway voyages, newly arrived from London.  Abraham Pigott, the maker of sundials from the forest at Wyre joined the blacksmiths and forgemen from Reaside.  Coming out of the churchyard  was John Barker, vicar these last twenty years who had now been evicted, but still loitered in the precincts as there was as yet no replacement. 

One event was on everyone’s lips. For these last three weeks a tiny group of Parliament men had held out a against a force of Royalists and were refusing to surrender at Hopton Castle. What would be the outcome no one knew and few  declared  which side they supported.

Lucy shivered, but spoke to no one.  Across the market, aside from the general company, she spied her father, in  conversation with Richard Baxter, a tall figure in black, leaning on  his staff, no doubt visiting from Kidderminster.

“Father, I would speak with you.”

“Not now girl, we are discussing Godly matters and you should not interrupt.”  

“Father, this is important, it is about Tom ,  only last night he has left us,  as I feared he would..”

“Shush, daughter, not here” and they moved away.

So she told him,  the words spilling out  in her anxiety,  how Tom was gone, in the night.   She knew her brother better than anyone. He was intent on joining  the Parliament men  besieged at Hopton.  His father’s musket was missing from the cupboard at the fireside and his brother said he had not shared a bed  with him that night.   They had talked often she and Tom of  the rights of ordinary men to govern themselves  and she knew how hot headed he  was.

In great confusion of mind,  her father looked across at his neighbours, folk he had known all his life, traded with, worshipped with, but now found himself at odds over this great matter that divided  them. Was there none he could trust? 

He  hurried away.  There was much to be done, but Lucy stayed on in the market, listening with only part of her mind to the excited chatter of her neighbours  about the other favourite story, the exploits of Major Smalman, Ned’s cousin from  Wilderhope who had routed a posse of Parliament men who lay in wait for him.  To the general approval of the gossips, he escaped over the hillside at Wenlock and hadn’t been seen since.  Lucy wasn’t so sure.  The Parliament men had as much right to their lives as the lordly Smalmans and was all this bloodletting worth while?

The market was ending  and the low sun cast grotesque shadows when there came from  up the Hopton  road the clatter of  hooves, and a triumphant company of riders entered the town with much hallooing.  At their head was  Will Withypoll, red-faced, staring eyes, mouth dripping with saliva, almost out of control with excitement.  He galloped  up to the alehouse and shouted ,

“We killed the bastards, slaughtered them, everyone, those traitors up at Hopton Castle. None left. Chucked their bodies in the pond.”

hopton-drawings.jpg

 Source: ‘The Garrisons of Shropshire during the Civil War’ published by Leake and Evans, Shrewsbury 1867

Lucy clutched at her heart, and stood for a moment in shock. Tom was heading  there only two days ago. And she was standing next to the sweating horse and the wild and exuberant man who might have killed. him.  Overwhelmed  with tears and anger she flung herself at horse and rider, grasping the  stirrup of the man above her. She beat with her fists at his legs.  “No, no, they were our people. You have no right.  It was you and your kind.  This war, you have killed him.”

The townsfolk stood in shock, mute at first, then came a murmur, an aggressive  movement towards  the horsemen. This was too much.  They might disagree, but they wanted no killing     Withypoll  hesitated., and briefly he stared at the crowd, almost in puzzlement. This was not the reception he expected.. He turned his horse, called  to the troop  and rode off the way he came.

 Lucy `s hands fell to her sides and her shoulders drooped. Her fury and distress had achieved nothing.  Miserably, she moved away to find her father.  She knew at that moment  whose side she was on in this war - the side of the people, her friends, her family, peaceable folk who wanted no part  of war.     And a curse on the kings and priests who started it.

Lucy  was left to mourn a brother who never came home

Most of the characters in the above story can be found in the pages of ‘Whatmore Panorama’ by Geoffrey Whatmore, which can be purchased at this link:

http://www.genfair.co.uk/product_list.php?sid=115&page=1

 The massacre which took place at Hopton Castle is one of the most appalling and shameful episodes of the Civil War. The story is told in the two contemporary reports below. These are taken from ‘Garrisons of Shropshire during the Civil War 1642-48′ published by Leake and Evans, Shrewsbury 1867.

hopton-1.jpg

hopton-2.jpg

 hopton-3.jpg

 

Sometimes genealogical research turns into a debunking of long held family myths – the famous surgeon who turns out to have been a country vet, the disinherited son whose family were actually paupers and the treasured photo of great great granddad which is actually a picture of Lord Kitchener. This post pursues the tale which my grandmother told of the forge which her family had once had at Abbeydale, Sheffield.

Mary Ann (Polly) Whatmore nee Dyson knew more about her family than anyone else and her knowledge was usually fairly accurate. If only I could have met her, how much more would I now know about the Dyson family, but sadly she died some ten years before I was born. Many of her reminiscences were, however, passed on to me by my father. One of the things which she told him was that the Dyson family had owned a forge on the southern outskirts of Sheffield, at Abbeydale.

Famous to industrial archaeologists through Britain, the Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet makes for a fantastic day out. Easily accessible by car or bus the restored complex includes a dam, water wheel, blacksmiths shop, a manager’s house, forges, workers’ cottages and much more. Amazingly there is no charge for admission.

abbeydale-water-wheel.jpg  Click to enlarge

The Water wheel      Copyright: Rhys Whatmore

Details of the Hamlet can be found at this link: 

http://www.simt.co.uk/abbeydale/index.html

  For a virtual tour, go to this link:  http://www.tilthammer.com/hamlet/tour.html

  The helpful information on the Hamlet website provided evidence that there had been a forge at Abbeydale since early times  originally belonging to nearby Beauchief Abbey. The ‘New Wheel’ on this site was rented by a Hugh Stephenson in 1685. By 1777 the tenants of the forge were the Goddard family who enlarged the dam.

In 1785 the Tilt Forge was built by a John Dyson – showing an early Dyson family link to the forge, but it was not until 1823 that the Dyson family started its tenancy in partnership with Bishop. From 1827 – 1830 the forge was in the hands of Thomas and John  Dyson and from 1830 onwards – John Dyson on his own. During the Dyson tenancy the forge was known as the ‘Dyson Scythe Works’

abbeydale-works-2.jpg Click to enlarge

The Tilt Forge   Copyright: Rhys Whatmore

John Dyson ran into trouble with the Grinders’ Union by employing non-union employers and in 1842 the Union showed its disapproval by blowing up the Grinding Hull with gunpowder. In 1849, John Dyson gave up the struggle with the Union and sold his interest in the Forge to the Tysack family. Trouble with the Union continued and some twenty years later Joshua Tysack, the then Manager was shot at five times on his way to Abbeydale.

A fictitious account of the troubles of 1842 is provided by ‘The Cellar Lad’ by Theresa Tomlinson:

 The Cellar Lad uses Sheffield in 1842 as the backdrop to the story of Ben Sterndale, who lives in one of the worker’s cottages on the Abbeydale Hamlet site. He is employed as a cellar lad at the beck and call of the workers at Dyson’s Scythe Works. Ben’s father, Frank, is employed at the works as the Pot Man, responsible for making the special crucible pots used in the steel making process.The story involves Ben in the events in Sheffield at the time of the Chartist Movement’s attempts to achieve political change and also in the struggles of the local union movement to protect the interests of its members. This struggle involved the ratteners who removed the driving belts from water powered grinding wheels to encourage support for the union. It also uses the more serious and violent actions taken by some clandestine activists against the workshops and the employers. These events led to the setting up of a Royal Commission to investigate the Sheffield Outrages.Theresa Tomlinson has used the real events in Sheffield to produce a lively and enjoyable story which also gives a useful insight into the social and industrial history of the time.The Cellar Lad is probably most appropriate for children in the 9 to 12 age range (UK Key Stages 2 and 3) but could also be enjoyed by older readers.The Cellar Lad is published in hardback by Julia MacRae Books, an imprint of Random House, (20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London, UK, SW1V 2SA)
(ISBN 1-85681-581-1) price in the UK UKP9.99
and also in paperback by Red Fox
price in the UK UKP3.50
Source: www.tilthammer.com

In 1933 the firm of Tysack and Turner finally ceased production at the site and in 1935 it was purchased by the Graves Trust and donated to the City of Sheffield. The site was opened to the public in 1970.

Mary Ann Whatmore was right then. The Dyson family had run a forge at Abbeydale – but were the family her branch? This was the next thing to investigate.

The 1841 census shows that a John Dyson aged 50 was living with his wife Ann at Abbeydale and that he was a Scythe manufacturer. This is clearly the John Dyson of the Scythe Works. Also living there is a Sarah Dyson aged 60. John Dyson is shown as born outside Yorkshire.

abbeydale-managers-house.jpg  Click to enlarge

The Manager’s House     Copyright: Rhys Whatmore

Turning to the 1851 census, when John Dyson had given up the Scythe Works, we find a John Dyson aged 62 with a wife Ann, working as a Beerhouse Keeper and living at 67 Fitzwilliam Street Sheffield. This John was born at Norton, Derbyshire, on the outskirts of Sheffield and close to Abbeydale.

Looking at the IGI for Norton we find a John Dyson baptised there on 4 August 1788 with a brother Thomas baptised at Norton on 27 August 1783 and a sister Sarah baptised at Norton  on 1 March 1788.

The family tree is set out below:

 

norton-dysons.jpg

These baptism records and the census returns seem to tie up well – so I believe I have discovered the family who were the tenants of the Abbeydale forge. But were they ancestors of Mary Ann Whatmore?

Mary Ann’s Dyson ancestors were from Staveley in Derbyshire, a few miles away from Norton. Unfortunately, however, Mary’s Ann’s direct line does not link with the family at Norton, although they could be descendants of one of the early Dysons at Staveley. So I have debunked a direct link of Mary Ann to the Dyson Scythe Works – but there could have been a link earlier on.

If anyone knows more about the Dyson family of Norton, please do contact me at rhyswhatmore@btinternet.com

If you like doing jigsaw puzzles there are some on-line (with pictures of the Abbeydale forge) at this link: http://www.tilthammer.com/jigsaws/index.html

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